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Register a new userThe Geomorphic Hazards in Maaloula Town
مخاطر أشكال سطح الأرض في بلدة معلولا
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غزوان سلوم( باحث )
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تحتل بلدة معلولا مكانة دينية و تاريخية و ثقافية مرموقة عالمياً، و هي إحدى البلدات السورية الجبلية التي تقع على المنحدرات الشرقية لجبال الصخر الشرقي و ذلل و الصخر الغربي من سلسلة جبال القلمون الأولى، و قد فرض هذا الموقع الجغرافي شروطه الصارمة على مخططها العمراني، حيث تهدد البلدة العديد من المخاطر الجيومورفولوجية التي يأتي في مقدمتها انتشار الكتل الصخرية في القطاعات العليا من المنحدرات، و تشترك العديد من العوامل في تحديد مستويات هذه المخاطر، كمواقع الكتل الصخرية من المنازل و المنشآت الاقتصادية - الخدمية، و حجمها و عددها، فضلاً عن خصائصها الشكلية، و القوى المحركة لها و المقاومة لذلك، و أشكال المنحدرات و توزع قطاعاتها، و منظومة الكسور و الشقوق التي تؤثر من خلال توزعها و اتجاهاتها في درجة استقرار جرف جبهة الكويستا تحديداً، فضلاً عن مجمل الأوضاع الجيولوجية و الطبوغرافية و المناخية و الجيومورفولوجية للمنطقة.
Maalulla town has a high religious, historic and cultural position internationally and it is one of the Syrian mountain towns which is located on the eastern slops of the eastern cliffs mountain and the western cliffs mountains of the first Qalamoon mountain range. Due to such a geographical site, strict conditions were set on the town's building plans especially because of the several geo-morphological hazards which threaten the town such as the spreading of rocky masses in the higher sections of slops in addition to other factors which contribute in identifying such hazards levels such as the distances between the rocky masses and houses, economical and service constructions, their size and number in addition to their morphologic characteristics, moving and resisting forces, slops shapes, distribution of sections, fractures and cracks system which affect the degree of Qusta front cliff stability through their distribution and directions, in addition to all geological, topographic, climate and geo-morphologic states of the area.
References used
Bolt, B.M & Horn,W.L & Macdonald,G.A & Scott,R.F ;(1975):Geological Hazards, Springer- Verlag, New York
Burton, I.R & Kates, W & White, G.F ; (1978):The Environments as Hazard. Oxford University Press, New York
حاج حسن، محمد فائد ( 1995 ): أسس الجيومورفولوجيا المناخية، منشورات جامعة دمشق، دمشق.
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