Similar forms of hydrological drainage basins (SHDB) are calculated
using several mathematical equations. The most important and famous
ones are the Elongation ratio and Circulation ratio equations. These
equations are not used only to categorize
the water drainage basins
system according to their geomorphological likeness from being
rectangle or circle, but also they are very helpful means for quantification
and providing geomorphological information about the basins when it
comes to provide geomorphological analysis and explanations for these
basins.
However, this research shows that both equations are not capable of
answering all the questions about SHDB when results are cross validated
by the in-situ observations. It appeared that, when performing the
Elongation ratio equation on chosen hydrological drainage basins, it is
useless and does not match the reality in the field as it doesn’t classify the
drainage basins according to it likeness of being rectangle or circle. As
for Circulation ration equation, the results were generally closer to the
geomorphological reality in the field; however, it did not help in ordering
the drainage basins to their circular morphological similarity. Therefore,
two alternative equations were introduced to overcome these problems.
The results yield better accuracy in classifying the drainage basin according to their morphological shape compared to the rectangular or
the circular especially when cross validation is applied.
The known methods (Horton, Sterhler and Shreef) failed in
classifying the stream ordering system and to estimate the actual volume
for the river net according to the stream ordering class. The proposed
method enabled the classification in spite of the difficulty of coding the
stream ordering system classes based on it.
The basin of Al-Kandeel Valley represents one of the basins of
western northern area's mountains in the Syrian Arab Republic which is
situated just like the axe in the eastern northern and western southern
direction covering approximately 155km2 w
ith a length rating 20km of
complicated geology character (Structurally & Constructively) where you
can find a variety of surface rocks among of which there are metamorphic
and sedimentary rocks that are of severe dislocation as being subject of
high construction potential imposed by the location of the area under the
aspect of thrust of the Arab plate under the Jurassic plate. Its height is
gradually rating clearly from the eastern northern to western southern.
The values of its local terrain rated between 5 m/km2 in its plain area at
the drain point and 375 m/km2 at the mountain eastern northern area. The
climate prevailing in this area is of seasonal rains and classified under the
Mediterranean Climate (Plain-Mountain).
Maalulla town has a high religious, historic and cultural position
internationally and it is one of the Syrian mountain towns which is
located on the eastern slops of the eastern cliffs mountain and the western
cliffs mountains of the first Qalamo
on mountain range. Due to such a
geographical site, strict conditions were set on the town's building plans
especially because of the several geo-morphological hazards which
threaten the town such as the spreading of rocky masses in the higher
sections of slops in addition to other factors which contribute in
identifying such hazards levels such as the distances between the rocky
masses and houses, economical and service constructions, their size and
number in addition to their morphologic characteristics, moving and
resisting forces, slops shapes, distribution of sections, fractures and
cracks system which affect the degree of Qusta front cliff stability
through their distribution and directions, in addition to all geological,
topographic, climate and geo-morphologic states of the area.
