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Register a new userSou'ad Al-Sabah the Bedouin lover "a reading in her Divan- "the flowers know anger"
سعاد الصباح البدوية العاشقة؛ قراءة في ديوانها "و الورود تعرف الغضب"
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Added by
Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2009
fields
Arabic
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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تبحث هذه الدراسة في ديوان "و الورود تعرف الغضب"، إذ ركزت الشاعرة فيه على معاناتها و آلامها الشخصية لفقدان زوجها الأمير عبد الله المبارك الصباح، فقدمت تجربتها الإبداعية بقصائد دالة موحية، تؤكد ترابط الأسرة المتمثل في تعلقها الاستثنائي بالأمير الزوج من جهة، و الثورة و التمرد على سلطة الرجل من جهة أخرى، تناصر المرأة العربية، و ترفض أن تظل مأمورة طائعة من دون أن يكون لها رأي أو موقف. و يظهر في الديوان تمسكها ببدويتها و عروبتها، و أنها ترفض أنصاف الحلول، لكنها قبلت سلطة الرجل الزوج.
This study explores "And Flowers Know Anger" divan. The poet concentrates on her suffering and her personal hardship for the loss of her husband, the prince Abdullah Bin Al-Mubarak. Her creative experience represented by her connotative poems that emphasize the family relationship, seen in her exceptional relationship with the prince the husband. On the other hand, her revolution and mutiny against the authority of the husband. It also shows us her support for the Arab woman rejecting to be always under the authority of men as being inferior without having her role or even her opinion. Thus she rejects incomplete solutions regarding this issue, but she accepts the authoritative colonization from her husband. The poet was able to formulate the whole event with an innovative pictorial style that shows the sense of belonging, patience, and love towards the family, the homeland, the nation and most importantly, the humanity in general.
References used
أديب، هند: المرأة ذات الوجوه المتعددة. مقالة في كتاب: منارة على الخليج، ج 1، كتاب تكريم، بإشراف عبد العزيز حجازي ومحمد يوسف نجم، القاهرة، المنتدى الثقافي المصري، بلا تاريخ .
الأمين، فضل، سعاد الصباح شاعرة الانتماء الحميم.، بيروت، 1994
خلف، فاضل: سعاد الصباح الشعر والشاعرة. بيروت، شركة النور، 1992
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Not only poetry has been restricted to men, but also Arab
woman used to taste and write poetry since time immemorial, next
to her interest in prose and narratology comparable to all Arabs at
that Bedouin time—when they were still leading a simple life.
However, names of women have been revealed and broadly
circulated concering handling and criticizing poetry since antiquity.
I have decided to study the technical picture depending
on the senses of sight and taste so that I havechosen poetry
Su'ad Al-Sabbah–a Kuwaiti poet -to appliymaterial to support the
theoretical approach to this concept.
This study aims at showing the significance of this treaty as an
advanced document which expresses the Islamic ideals from various
aspects.
It points out especially the linguistic, stylistic, and technical aspects
of the topic under study. It als
o shows its characteristics and its position
among other treaties and documents. Furthermore, it clarifies the Islamic
forgiveness, justice, and respect to the believes of other people, and it
facilitates their reach to their faith, as well as their practice of their
worship.
This research gives special attention to the term critical and is considered as a
relationship of interaction. Change and creation. It is an intellectual. Cultural. Social
and concept that has a close relationship with Arab culture as its original
inspiration.
The research will select a specific term which is creative. It will examine the
linguistic forms that crystallize the creative term. The inventor. The generator and
the creative. These concepts are revolving in its orbit. forming differentiated.
Interdependent and compatible contexts without any controversy. The light of its
narrow framework. Ie. Its lexical significance to be studied considering the
relationship between diverse knowledge in its formation. The research will
monitor the concept in the context of the most important monetary issues that
intersected with it. Creativity is a phase of transition between two technical
doctrines in Arabic literature .Vkrien are the say old and the updated mind finite to
determine the cultural value of the term between being too and a way that is both
together.
Abstract Recent works have shown that language models (LM) capture different types of knowledge regarding facts or common sense. However, because no model is perfect, they still fail to provide appropriate answers in many cases. In this paper, we ask
the question, How can we know when language models know, with confidence, the answer to a particular query?'' We examine this question from the point of view of calibration, the property of a probabilistic model's predicted probabilities actually being well correlated with the probabilities of correctness. We examine three strong generative models---T5, BART, and GPT-2---and study whether their probabilities on QA tasks are well calibrated, finding the answer is a relatively emphatic no. We then examine methods to calibrate such models to make their confidence scores correlate better with the likelihood of correctness through fine-tuning, post-hoc probability modification, or adjustment of the predicted outputs or inputs. Experiments on a diverse range of datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods. We also perform analysis to study the strengths and limitations of these methods, shedding light on further improvements that may be made in methods for calibrating LMs. We have released the code at https://github.com/jzbjyb/lm-calibration.
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