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The Public and the French Crusade on Egypt, from Stating the French possession of Egypt Regions and Sham Area Written by Mr. Niqoula Al-Turk

العامة و الحملة الفرنسية على مصر من كتابة ذكر تملك جمهور الفرنساوية الأقطار المصرية و البلاد الشامية للمعلم نقولا الترك

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 Publication date 2015
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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In spite of the presence of many Arabic and Western books written on the French crusade, showing causes, events and effects on Egyptian people and on the entire Arab nation, there are some aspects that need more research and inspection. One of the studies that attract my attention is the public in Egypt and their stand towards the French crusade. I depended on inspecting this stand from Islamic and western resources to show the different points of view from both sides. This research is a brief account about the author, he has grown up along with the crusade and Witnessed its events. The research presented the public stand from the crusade since it landed in Alexandria port till it reached Cairo. The research showed the resistant movement of the other Egyptian regions against the French occupiers. The Egyptian regions were not occupied easily as expected by the occupiers. The research presents complete information about Cairo revolution that was taken by the public people, which terrified the occupiers, compelling them to change their policy towards the Egyptians. The research showed the absence of Napoleon while he was attacking Sham area. He returned back defeated from Sham region. The research showed the feeling the people had when the Ottoman came to save Egypt from the occupiers and the stands of the public supporting Ottoman forces when entered Cairo or in defending French from coming back to Cairo in spite of the fires burning Cairo colonies and the terrifying deaths. Finally, the research showed the people great happiness to the agreement between the Ottomans and the French which implied the French departure from Egypt and the retuning of Egypt back to Higher State of the Ottomans.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
يتناول هذا البحث موقف العامة في مصر من الحملة الفرنسية، معتمدًا على مصادر إسلامية وغربية لبيان وجهات النظر المختلفة. يقدم البحث نبذة عن حياة المؤلف نقولا الترك، الذي كان شاهد عيان على أحداث الحملة الفرنسية. يبدأ البحث بوصف موقف العامة من الحملة منذ نزولها في الإسكندرية حتى وصولها إلى القاهرة، ويعرض حركة المقاومة التي أبدتها الأقاليم المصرية الأخرى. يوضح البحث ثورة القاهرة التي أذهلت المحتل الفرنسي وجعلته يعيد حساباته في التعامل مع المجتمع المصري. كما يبين الثورات التي قامت بها العامة في الأقاليم مستغلة غياب نابليون في غزو بلاد الشام وعودته مهزوماً. يوضح البحث أيضًا المشاعر التي عمت العامة بقدوم الحملة العثمانية لإنقاذ مصر، والموقف الذي وقفته العامة إلى جانب القوات العثمانية. وأخيرًا، يوضح الفرح الغامر الذي عمّ الناس بالاتفاق العثماني الفرنسي الذي تضمن خروج الفرنسيين من مصر وعودة مصر ثانية إلى الدولة العثمانية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: رغم أن البحث يقدم نظرة شاملة ومفصلة عن موقف العامة في مصر من الحملة الفرنسية، إلا أنه يمكن القول أن هناك بعض النقاط التي تحتاج إلى مزيد من التوضيح. على سبيل المثال، لم يتناول البحث بشكل كافٍ تأثير الحملة الفرنسية على الحياة اليومية للعامة وكيف تغيرت أوضاعهم الاقتصادية والاجتماعية. كما أن الاعتماد الكبير على المصادر الإسلامية والغربية قد يؤدي إلى تحيز في العرض، وكان من الممكن تضمين مصادر محلية أكثر تنوعًا. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان من الممكن تقديم تحليل أعمق للدوافع النفسية والاجتماعية التي دفعت العامة للمقاومة، بدلاً من التركيز فقط على الأحداث التاريخية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي المصادر التي اعتمد عليها البحث في تقصي موقف العامة من الحملة الفرنسية؟

    اعتمد البحث على مصادر إسلامية وغربية لبيان وجهات النظر المختلفة حول موقف العامة من الحملة الفرنسية.

  2. كيف تعاملت العامة في مصر مع الحملة الفرنسية عند وصولها إلى الإسكندرية؟

    عند وصول الحملة الفرنسية إلى الإسكندرية، أبدت العامة مقاومة شديدة، وشاركوا في الدفاع عن المدينة إلى جانب المماليك، رغم أن المقاومة كانت عبثية أمام قوة الجند الفرنسي.

  3. ما هو تأثير غياب نابليون عن مصر على حركة المقاومة؟

    استغلت العامة غياب نابليون في غزو بلاد الشام لبدء ثورات في الأقاليم المصرية، مما أضعف السيطرة الفرنسية وأدى إلى عودة نابليون مهزوماً.

  4. كيف استقبلت العامة في مصر الاتفاق العثماني الفرنسي الذي تضمن خروج الفرنسيين من مصر؟

    استقبلت العامة في مصر الاتفاق العثماني الفرنسي بفرح غامر، حيث تضمن خروج الفرنسيين من مصر وعودة مصر ثانية إلى الدولة العثمانية.


References used
الترك، نقولا، ذكر تملك جمهور الفرنساوية الأقطار المصرية و البلاد الشامية، حققه وقدم له و وضع حواشيه ياسين سويد، دار الفارابي، بيروت، ( 1990 )
بشور، أمل، حملة نابليون إلى الشرق، دراسة و تحقيق، جروس برس، طرابلس-لبنان، (1999)
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