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Register a new userDesign Foundations For Mental Illness Buildings
الأسس التصميمية لمباني الأمراض النفسية
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لؤي مرهج( باحث )
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الفرد ركيزة المجتمع الأساسية، فإذا كان سليما تمكن من المساهمة في تنمية المجتمع الذي ينتمي إليه، تلك الحقيقة استوعبتها مجتمعات الدول المتقدمة جيدا مما جعلها تهتم بتوفير الرعاية الصحية للفرد و التي لم تقتصر على النواحي العضوية فقط و انما شملت النواحي النفسية التي أصبحت تمثل الجانب الأكبر أهمية في صحة الفرد بسبب التزايد المضطر في أعداد المرضى النفسيين الذي تزامن مع التقدم التكنولوجي و الحضاري، مما أدى إلى تغيير في مفهوم الرعاية الصحية النفسية عما كان سابقا، كما أدى إلى تغييرات في الأساليب الخاصة بالرعاية و العلاج للمرضى النفسيين، و هو ما يتبعه تغيرات في المفاهيم الخاصة بالمكان الذي يقدم هذه الرعاية الصحية، و بالتالي فان المفهوم الحديث لمباني الرعاية الصحية للمرضى النفسيين يجب أن يراعي الدور الهام الذي تقوم به تلك المباني في علاج هؤلاء المرضى، فلم تعد تلك المباني خزانات مملوءة بالمرضى المعزولين عن المجتمع، و إنما أصبحت أشبه بالكائنات الحية التي تتفاعل معهم، فهي تؤثر فيهم بنفس القدر التي تتأثر بهم و بسلوكياتهم.
The Individual is the main entity of society, if he's in good health he's able to positively contribute to the development of the society, developed countries have recognized this fact, making it an interest in providing health care to the individual, which is not limited to aspects of membership, but it also included the psychological aspects that become a most important aspect in health of the individual because of the increase of the destitute in the number of psychiatric patients, which coincided with technological progress and civilization so it led to a change in the concept of mental health care than it was previously, also led to changes in methods of treatment for psychiatric patients, and changes in the concepts of the place, which provides this health care, the modern concept of building health care for psychiatric patients must take into account the important role played by those buildings in the treatment, no longer seen as containers separating of these patients, but rather becoming more like living organisms that interact with them, they are affect them equally affected by them and through its behavior .
References used
Shafie ,Zakia " Drug Addict Care : An Added Dimension to Mental health care" Proceedings of the XIX International public Health Seminar,Cairo,March 1999
DHSS) Department of Health and Social Security, Hospital Bulding Note 35, Department of Psychiatry(Mental Illness) For A District General Hospital, Welsh Office, HMSO, London ,1973)
The American Institute of Architects,'' Guidelines For Design And Construction Of Hospital And Health Care Facilities ", The American Institute of Architects Press, USA, 1993
Marberry ,Sara o , (Editor) " Health Design ", John Wiley & Sons, Inc, USA,1997,ed.p166
The American Institute of Architects,' Design Considerations For Mental Health Facilities", The American Institute of Architects Press, USA, 1993
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Playing is right for all children , and it's an important activity in their life, they
discover through it the world around them, and it was confirmed by philosophers,
psychologists and educators on the importance in children's lives and in their b
ehavior and
development. So we must provide spaces for children to play wherever they are, especially
in public parks, and must be given adequate attention and study according to international
design foundations, so check for children fun and interest together.
The research presents an analytical study of some of the children's playing spaces in
parks in the city of Damascus in order to verify the extent to which architectural elements
to the needs of recreational and development of children, from different age groups, and
through the analysis of the design elements of the samples studied and evaluated in
accordance with the recommended standards.
يشكل الرصف المرن (Flexible Pavement) النوع الأكثر انتشاراً في انشاء الطرق في الجمهورية العربية السورية كما أنه يستخدم بشكل واسع في كافة مناطق العالم حيث تبلغ نسبة الطرق التي تعتمد في انشائها على هذا النوع من الرصف حوالي 93% في الولايات المتحدة الأمري
كية ويعود ذلك الى سهولة وسرعة انشائه وصيانته .
وهذا الانتشار الكبير للرصف يتطلب وضع منهجية للعمل في تصميم الخلطات الاسفلتية بحيث تحقق المتطلبات الفنية المتبعة في تنفيذ الطرق قادرة على مقاومة اجهادات التعب وحمولات المرور والعوامل الجوية .
وفي بحثنا هذا قدمنا شرحا مفصلا عن مكونات الخلطة الاسفلتية وطريقة تصميم الخلطات الاسفلتية وفق خلطة مارشال .
حيث قدمنا في الفصل الأول دراسة مفصلة عن الروابط البيتومينية وأنواعها وتصنيفها .
أما في الفصل الثاني دراسة الخواص العامة للخلائط الحصوية المستخدمة في الطرق والتجارب التي تجري عليها وطرق دمجها .
أما في الفصل الثالث والرابع تحدثنا عن مفهوم فلسفة الخلائط البيتومينية ومراحل تصميمها .
وفي الفصل الخامس والفصل السادس ناقشنا الأسس النظرية لتصميم الخلطة الاسفلتية وفق طريقة مارشال .
أما في الفصل الأخير تم تصميم خلطة اسفلتية تمثل المراحل التطبيقية لتصميم الخلطة الاسفلتية وجميع التجارب المنفذة على مكونات هذه الخلطة .
Building maintenance is gaining an increasing attention in the field of scientific
research and there was a need for the use of new technologies in maintenance
management, , as the facility management deal with a large amount of information relatin
g
to maintenance, which includes drawings and specifications, lists, and reports, and the use
of paper files leads to decrease the efficiency and create a shortage of data and information.
We offer in this research tool to manage the maintenance process by using the BIM
through linking deterioration models and three-dimensional model of the facility to be
maintained, then compensate the external investigation data for maintenance work in these
models, to get at the end of this research and with the help of the possibilities offered by
Revit database to an upcoming maintenance items and arrange them according to their
importance and impact on the facility , the estimated budget for the periodic maintenance
and distribution of this budget on the various construction elements , the development of
resources plan for next year and up to the knowledge database of maintenance will help in
determining the supplier lifecycle and the coefficient of replacement.
Constant changes occur to the family requirements of housing with the flowing of time, and these changes
are due to the number of its members, their needs , the standard of living the economic conditions , or as a
result of increasing technical dev
elopments. This implies facing house requirements and applying changes
in the number of the house rooms, or the functions of these rooms. So the family either tends to change its
house to fit its needs, and that exhausts it socially and financially. They made adapt their house with the
family constant needs, and here comes the importance of achieving flexibility as the best economic solution
that reduces the value of the house, of it, by providing the efficiency of the best use of the whole spaces.
In addition, the role of flexibility is to respond to the social stability of families by the best use of the whole
time age of their houses.
This research handles the concept of design flexibility as one of the most economic housing standards in
the thesis of the most important architects , and goes through steps of applying it in the house functionally
and structurally in the designing phase by effective interaction between the designer and the user side by
side.
The window is an important part of the atmosphere that contains
and organizes the group of humanitarian activities, this is because
the window affects the quality of the environment that is intended to be created within the architectural spaces by
embodying the idea of the connection between the inside and outside .
Windows design is associated significantly with the manner of
facing the climatic problem of many factors such as lighting,
ventilation, etc., as well as with how to solve this problem and find
determinants that should be available to perform the functional role for the building and raise the efficiency of the internal space.
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