The moral basis of scientific knowledge in popper philosophy

The research addressed a critical analytical study of the moral basis of scientific knowledge from the viewpoint of the contemporary philosopher of science Karl popper, throughout his opinion on the fact that scientific knowledge is incomplete when not based on cognitive approach and moral content which protect it from slipping and error, stressing the close relationship and the strong correlation between knowledge and ethics, which if deviated affected the standards of science as a whole. Results showed that knowledge, generally, is everyone's right to possess, threr resides the truth, and to reach this truth there must be many methodologies, says popper, the most important of which is the critical approach and rational dialog, by which we realize that the human makes mistakes and, consequently, his knowledge may be wrong, and to access the real scientific knowledge the skeptical approach should be followed in which the premise is tested in different ways. Popper pointed out that the insightful human recipient can exercise these logical operations, and the insightful human is naturaly forgivable non- fanatic, open to criticism, non-monopolistic of knowledge and therefore the basis of knowledge is purely ethical, without which knowledge loses its meaning and credibility.

Ethics in Dental Research Involving Human Subjects

The researcher's responsibility is to protect the interests and the physical, psychological andmentalintegrity of the research participants. The aim of this article is: 1- To give some information about the basic principles of research ethics. 2- To prepare guidelines for human subject research protection at the colleges of dental medicine in Syria. Conclusions: principles of ethics in dental research and informed consent are still not clear in Syria; there is a need to ethical research committees and ethical research guidelines in dental colleges in Syria.

Virtue Concept by City Term

Then all these "dresses" torn out under the wheels of nineteenth and twentieth century development, and controlled by technology and digital programming of twenty first-century. This paper is based on morally experience as an invitation to live in a city aimed to make its individuals reach the highest levels of human perfection, by treating the city concept with traditional means and methods the modern city needs to complete its development procedures more than technology, economic abilities, and strategy qualifications. So, an imaginary city had been created with the same name as Damascus, and same geographic location, Barada, Qasion, Al-Ghoota and every part of it is exactly the same, except for the time. It was unspecified. Finally, the paper induces to use the virtue concept as a key to solve all the city issues and as a base for its reforming and organizing process.