Study of Some Chemical Properties of Terebinth Fruits and Extracted Oils

Terebinth trees have been occupying a good part of the mount of Syrian (abed elaziz, pelass). The Pistacia atlantica fruit, rich in oil, is used by local inhabitants in many ways, few studies investigation of the P. atlantica fruit oil of Syria has been carried out,This study investigates the protein, ash, crude oil and oil composition of P. atlantica with respect to total phenol, iodine value and saponification value, in order to classify it among the other known edible oils thenafter compare the oil composition with the oils of other Pistacia species. The fruit of P.atlantica appears to be rich in oil. The major fatty acid in the sample studied are oleic, linoleic, our results show that. The oil has a higher content of unsaturated FA (oleic + linoleic = 72%). The oil can be classified as an oleo-linoleic vegetable oil. The biochemical data showed an elevated MUFA content (50-48%) which may constitute an important property against certain pathologies for its nutritional and preventive virtues.

Determination of fatty acids and the most important physicochemical characteristic for Nigella Sativa oil, Fenugreek oil, Borage oil and Rocket oil which are local oils produced in Syria

The research aims to identify incoming fatty acids in the composition of both the Syrian domestic oil extracted from the seeds of Nigella sativa, fenugreek, borage and Rocket , using gas chromatography GC, as the goal to identify some of the most important physical properties ( density and refractive index ) and chemical ( Iodine number and saponification number ) utmost to improve and develop the Syrian varieties of the studied oils. Search Results showed that borage oil contain the highest proportion of the Poly unsaturated fatty acids ( 81.5% ) PUFA and the highest percentage of gamma -linolenic acid ( 14.4% ) GLA, and it was for each of Nigella sativa oil and oil fenugreek close by percent's of ( 60.89%-60.95% ) PUFA, and overall mono unsaturated fatty acids ( 33.89%- 28.19% ) MUFA and linoleic acid ( 60.71%-58.92% ) LA has the enjoyment of the highest value oil ring of oleic fatty acid ( 26.72% ), while oil Rocket had the highest values ( 79%) MUFA so different from the rest of the studied oils. The results of this research clearly compatible with the results of global studies at the same oils.