Determination of fatty acids and the most important physicochemical characteristic for Nigella Sativa oil, Fenugreek oil, Borage oil and Rocket oil which are local oils produced in Syria

The research aims to identify incoming fatty acids in the composition of both the Syrian domestic oil extracted from the seeds of Nigella sativa, fenugreek, borage and Rocket , using gas chromatography GC, as the goal to identify some of the most important physical properties ( density and refractive index ) and chemical ( Iodine number and saponification number ) utmost to improve and develop the Syrian varieties of the studied oils. Search Results showed that borage oil contain the highest proportion of the Poly unsaturated fatty acids ( 81.5% ) PUFA and the highest percentage of gamma -linolenic acid ( 14.4% ) GLA, and it was for each of Nigella sativa oil and oil fenugreek close by percent's of ( 60.89%-60.95% ) PUFA, and overall mono unsaturated fatty acids ( 33.89%- 28.19% ) MUFA and linoleic acid ( 60.71%-58.92% ) LA has the enjoyment of the highest value oil ring of oleic fatty acid ( 26.72% ), while oil Rocket had the highest values ( 79%) MUFA so different from the rest of the studied oils. The results of this research clearly compatible with the results of global studies at the same oils.