CdTe Thin films were deposited on glass substrates by thermal evaporation
method. The geometric thickness was calculated using interferometric method
based on reflectance curve recorded with the spectrophotometer. The XRD
analysis and optical char
acterizations of CdTe films with different optical
thicknesses reveals that the structure of the films is polycrystalline with
preferential orientation (111). The structure constant (a), crystallite size (D),
dislocation density (δ) and strain (ε) were calculated, and it is observed that the
crystallite size increases but micro-strain and dislocation density decreases with
increases in thin film thickness. The overall absorbance has been increased with
the film thickness and the direct band gap was obtained. It decreases with the
increase in the thickness of the films.
CdTe Thin films were deposited on silicon substrates by thermal
evaporation method. The geometric thickness was calculated using
interferometric method based on reflectance curve recorded with the
spectrophotometer. The Reflection of High-Energy E
lectron Diffraction
(RHEED) patterns and XRD analysis reveals that the structure of the films are
polycrystalline with preferential orientation (111). The structure constant (a),
crystallite size (D), dislocation density (δ) and strain (ε) were calculated, and it
is observed that the crystallite size increases but micro-strain and dislocation
density decreases with increases in thin film thickness. The composition of the
samples was determined by Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) and it is
found that the wt.% of Cd increases and the wt.% of Te decreases with the
increases of film thickness due to the re-evaporation of Te.
In this research study of the conditions necessary for the preparation of a chemical
compound hydroxyapatite HA [HA: Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2] Depending on normal vital
source ( eggshell ) , which contains a large amount of calcium carbonate , which wil
l be
dealt with Acetic acid
for acetate calcium Ca (CH3COO)2 , which in turn will be dealt with disodium
hydrogen phosphate Na2HPO4, where and to prepare the treatment process depends on
several factors , including: the concentration of the solutions , Solution temperature,
stirring speed and addition , the degree of purity of the material used and its source, and the
pH of the solution PH . The study showed that the chemical formula of the compound
outlined in the bunting record is:
Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2 and has a Molar ratio Ca / P stood at 1.65344
and preparation process was the best in the burned model of the form , dried and this
was confirmed by sampling study of the two models , dried and burned in IR spectroscopy
and spectroscopy x-ray diffraction XRD where the burned model output was crystalline
either in the form of dried product was mixed crystalline and crystalline .
Porous glasses were produced using sheet glass cullet with added
magnesium carbonate MgCO3 as foams agents .The structure of glasses
tinged with silver bromide by porous glasses, was studied by UV–VIS
spectroscopy,transmission of light and X-ray diffraction XRD
techniques. glasses plates were obtained by impregnation of porous
glasses at first with AgNO3 aqueous solution , next in the KBr aqueous
solution. Then the samples was sintered at temperatures 950°C up to
closing of the pores. The results of spectroscopy study have shown that
the glasses tinged plates, according to XRD data, the glasses tinged
contain the AgBr phase.
The aim of this research is to study the optimal conditions for the preparation of
hydroxyapatite , Chemical formula: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (HA). In the three-component
system: Ca(NO3)2-(NH4)2HPO4-NH3.H2O , Calcium Nitrate was prepared based on the
calc
ification of the white eggshell . to obtain calcium oxide (CaO), which is treated with
nitrogen acid, while ammonium phosphate Mono hydrogen and ammonium solution was
taken from its pure packaging. Hydroxyapatite (HA) Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH)2was prepared
under specific conditions, mainly: concentration of solutions used, speed of addition of
reagents, reaction mix temperature, rotational speed, purity of materials used, and pH of
the solution.
The study showed that the solid compound recorded in the three-component
system, which was separated from the liquid phase and dried and chemically analyzed, has
the total chemical formula Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH)2 and has a Molar ratio of Ca / P=
1.666 . and the preparation process was better in the model burned from the dried model
and confirmed by the study of samples of the models dried and burned by IR infrared
spectroscopy and XRD X ray diffraction spectroscopy, The burner model was a crystalline
product, but in the dried model the output was mixed crystalline and not crystalline.
