The electric power service in the Syrian Arab Republic suffers from many difficulties resulting from the lack of resources (fuel), in addition to the sabotage of many generation centers by terrorist groups, which led to the implementation of rationin
g programs in the governorates according to the consumption of those governorates and the production centers located in them. (factories, pumping centers, hospitals and the population).
Forecasting electric energy consumption also requires knowledge of daily consumption quantities, consumption times and other influencing factors that constitute large amounts of data. Predicting the exact electrical load is still a challenging task due to many problems such as the non-linear nature of the time series or the seasonal patterns it displays, which are very time consuming and affect the accuracy of the prediction performance. The process can be improved by using RNNs.[2]
Initially, the optimal and appropriate consumption for the region was determined, compared with production and the possibility of passing the surplus to other backup operations or providing production centers with the surplus that could be obtained through the previous forecasting process.
Also, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) were used, which are time series based on data sequences according to time indices and their ability to predict future values based on past data. Then the performance of those networks was compared with DNN networks (Dense Neural Network) to obtain an optimal future prediction that can be served by the Ministry of Electricity in the Syrian Arab Republic and to solve the problem of predicting the electrical load compared to previous studies.
The time-based successive division method has also been adopted, which has the ability to work more accurately for randomly sampled data. For cases of low regulation of the hourly data for wattage consumption, we can sample a set of data over time and take 20 percent of the data for example as training and test samples.
Based on the prediction values resulting from this study, work is being done to distribute electrical energy in the most appropriate manner and in accordance with the importance of higher usage.
بدأ بعض مقدمي خدمات الطاقة الكهربائية في شركات الكهرباء الكبرى والصغرى والناشئة بأطلاق مشروعات وتطبيقات تعتمد على تكنولوجيا سلاسل الكتل الرقمية block chain واستخدام العقود الذكية والعملات المشفرة كمنصات للتعامل المباشر مع المستهلكين وأدارة التعاملات
المالية والفنية القيمة. وذلك كجزء من استراتيجية تلك الشركات لتحديث صناعة الطاقة بتبسيط الإجراءات والمعاملات والتكاليف المرتبطة بهما. اعتمادا على التطور السريع لتكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات والتوجه المتزايد نحو ما تقدمه من حلول يتعامل معها ملايين البشر.
This research aims to find the necessary conditions for the existence of the dark soliton solution to the Vakhnenko-Parkes equation with time dependent coefficients and with power law nonlinearity by using the solitary wave ansatz method. The value o
f the power law nonlinearity parameter is determined. The results show that the used method is efficient to obtain this kind of solutions for the nonlinear partial differential equations.
Electric energy is very important for sustaining the good life on the planet's surface, especially since civilization has become associated with this type of energy. Solar photovoltaic (PV) is one of the most suitable applications for converting sunl
ight into electrical energy. The appropriate use of solar energy is an important topic for reducing dependence on fossil energy sources that are used to generate electricity, and thus reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases on the planet's surface. Globally, because of environmental conditions, other methods of generating energy being searched for that are less harmful than traditional methods, which rely on a large percentage of them on generating stations that run on fossil fuels. This research discusses electrical power generation using solar energy cells and the effect of these cells on the Syrian electrical grid so that a study of a solar energy farm project provides the data required when working on implementing such a project, and these data are voltage control, load flow, total harmonic distortion coefficient levels. To implement such a project, the model must be designed and we chose the ETAP program for that.
The discoveries of gas fields in the Eastern Mediterranean region led to many regional reactions; between those who welcomed it, and between expectations of the outbreak of conflicts over those fields and the overlapping of the influence of the major
countries in the region. In the forefront: Russia and the states The United States of America, the European Union, Syria, Turkey, Lebanon and Palestine. This research sheds light on the new gas discoveries in the Eastern Mediterranean countries and their economic and geopolitical impact on the relations of the major countries with the region. The study aimed to look at the reality of the energy war that the region is witnessing and its role in shaping future international policies and strategies. The study used the descriptive analytical approach to describing the true picture behind the strategies of the state's parties that were discussed, indicating the impact of invasive discoveries in drawing these strategies. The study concluded that the Middle East region embraces the most important wealth and the most intense battles. As none of the parties can work alone to end the conflict politically or militarily, but requires coordination on the level of international interests for each party, given that the region is only an arena that hosts a set of goals and interests the opposing major countries of the world.
In this research, an absorption cooling system of nominal capacity 10 [kW] has been built and tested; it works by different sources of heat and by different working fluids, it is equipped with adequate sensors for measuring temperature, flows and pre
ssures in multiple locations. The features of operating the machine for air conditioning has been determined, analyzed and discussed with the working fluid “water-Lithium Bromide” by different boundary conditions. The results of experiments proved the possibility of the work of solar absorption cooling machine continuously at the heating temperature of the generator of 60 [°C] producing cold water in the evaporator at a temperature less than 10 [°C] with a coefficient of performance 0,5 and this enables us to use Simple and cheap flat solar collectors for the operation of the machine.
In this research a mathematical model for solar store is organized in which save the heat solar energy is saved for different purposes such as electrical energy generation , heating , or bio-energy fermentation and many other uses . This model includ
es a mixture of heat store substances such as sand , graphite , sea water , the dark cement rocks . The equation of the model was arranged , and solved by using variable values for the shape , and the dimensions of the reservoir and the percentage of the materials in the mixture by using a computer program through which the Matlab program was based on , and was practiced on two kinds of heats store mixtures . The results was converted in to geometric curves through which the comparison can be made between the two mixtures . The results showed that using a mixture of the sea water and dark cement rocks model gave better results .
المرشحات الفعالة للمعالجة الآلية واللحظية لتوافقيات الشبكة ثلاثية الطور : هذا العمل يقترح طريقة عملية وفعالة لتخفيض التوافقيات في الشبكة الكهربائية
يقسم الكتاب إلى:
الشبكات الكهربائية الموحدة.
محطات التوليد الحرارية.
القسم الكهربائي في محطات التوليد.
محطات التوليد النووية.
محطات التوليد المائية.
محطات التوليد بالطاقة المتجددة.
أساليب نقل الطاقة الكهربائية.
الأبراج الهوائية لنقل القوى.
ع
وازل خطوط النقل.
تمثيل خطوط النقل.
مقدمة عامة عن محطات التحويل.
المعدات الرئيسية في محطات التحويل.
ترتيبات قضبان التوزيع.
تأريض محطات التحويل.
الأنظمة المساعدة في محطات التحويل.
ملامح تخطيط شبكات التوزيع.
أمثلة تطبيقية لتخطيط شبكات الجهد المتوسط.
العناصر الأساسية بشبكة التوزيع.
أنظمة التغذية في الجهد المتوسط.
شبكات الجهد المتوسط الهوائية.
دراسات هامة في شبكات التوزيع.
المواد المستخدمة في صناعة الكابلات.
تركيب الكابلات.
الخواص الكهربائية للكابلات.
اكتشاف أعطال الكابلات.
الهزات العابرة في نظم القوة الكهربائية.
استقرار منظومة القوى الكهربائية.
التوافقيات في الشبكات الكهربائية.
This article deals with the degradation of solar cells induced by electron irradiation. We have exposed GaAs solar cells to different doses of accelerated electrons to create defects, which play an important role as non-radiative recombination center
s. We try to achieve the same conditions to which the solar cells are exposed to in outer space. We have studied the variation of the photovoltaic characteristics of these cells versus electron flux. We found out that the open – circuit voltage of GaAs solar cells varies with the electron irradiation dose j, which we varied in the interval: 2x1012 elec.cm-2 < j <5x1015 elec.cm-2 and we found out that: Voc = 1.22 - 0.04 log j V Voc = 2.39 - 0.12 log j V for both, the diffusion and the recombination zones respectively. The density of the short-circuit current has been measured and we found that the current varies with the electron irradiation dose, according to the relation: Jsc = 62.47 - 3.45 log j mA.cm-2 The degradation of solar cells appears from the decrease of the maximum power when () increases.
