أدت اكتشافات حقول الغاز في منطقة شرق المتوسط إلى العديد من ردود الأفعال الإقليمية المتباينة؛ ما بين مرحب بتلك الحقول باعتبارها نواة لتعاون إقليمي بين دول شرق المتوسط، وما بين توقعات باندلاع صراعات حول تلك الحقول وتداخل نفوذ الدول الكبرى في المنطقة، في مقدمتها: روسيا والولايات المتحدة الأميركية والاتحاد الأوروبي وسورية وتركيا، ولبنان وفلسطين. يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على الاكتشافات الغازية الجديدة في دول شرق المتوسط وأثرها الجيوسياسي على علاقات الدول الكبرى مع المنطقة. حيث هدفت الدراسة إلى تبيان الحقائق الجيوسياسية والطاقية الكامنة وراء الحرب الكونية على سورية وما هو دورها في رسم السياسات والاستراتيجيات الدولية المستقبلية، متبعة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لتوصيف الصورة الحقيقية وراء استراتيجيات الدول الأطراف التي تناولها البحث مبيناً أثر الاكتشافات الغازية في رسم تلك الاستراتيجيات. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن منطقة الشرق الأوسط تحتضن أهم الثروات وأعتى المعارك، إذ ليس باستطاعة أي من الأطراف منفرداً العمل على إنهاء الصراع سياسياً أو عسكرياً، إنما يتطلب الأمر تنسيقاً على مستوى المصالح الدولية لكل طرف على اعتبار أن المنطقة ليست سوى ساحة تستضيف جملة من الأهداف والمصالح المتعارضة لكبرى دول العالم.
The discoveries of gas fields in the Eastern Mediterranean region led to many regional reactions; between those who welcomed it, and between expectations of the outbreak of conflicts over those fields and the overlapping of the influence of the major countries in the region. In the forefront: Russia and the states The United States of America, the European Union, Syria, Turkey, Lebanon and Palestine. This research sheds light on the new gas discoveries in the Eastern Mediterranean countries and their economic and geopolitical impact on the relations of the major countries with the region. The study aimed to look at the reality of the energy war that the region is witnessing and its role in shaping future international policies and strategies. The study used the descriptive analytical approach to describing the true picture behind the strategies of the state's parties that were discussed, indicating the impact of invasive discoveries in drawing these strategies. The study concluded that the Middle East region embraces the most important wealth and the most intense battles. As none of the parties can work alone to end the conflict politically or militarily, but requires coordination on the level of international interests for each party, given that the region is only an arena that hosts a set of goals and interests the opposing major countries of the world.
References used
BP 2018. BP Statistical Review of World Energy London
EIA 2017. Country Analysis Brief: Russia. USA
GAZPROM, (2007). Nord Stream: Historical Background. Retrieved 03 - 08 - 2012, from: https://www.nord stream.com/historical background.
DARBOUCHE, HAKIM; EL - KATIRI, LA URA; FATTOUH, BASSAM, (2012). East Mediterranean Gas: what kind of a game - changer? The oxford institute for energy studies, V 71 , 1 - 37.
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