Santyana's writings call repeated attention to the ultimate significance which form
possesses for experience in giving meaning and value to our activities. Unless a man is
interested in the characters which things have or might have, he can hardly
be said to live
at all, in any morally significant sense. One strain of Santyana's thought, consists of a
combination of materialism in metaphysics, humanism in morals, and realistic
methodology in the theory of knowledge. These doctrine receive dominate expression in
the works of the middle period, especially in his book (The life of Reason). In this essay
we will try to illustrate Santyana's materialism tendency, especially in the book (The life of
Reason), and we will try to prove that his materialism was not of the myopic sort which
believes that the material existence were the sole reality.
The purpose of this article is to examine the possibility of immediate against mediated or theoretical knowledge. However, in both types of knowledge, there is a face to face confrontation. I encounter something which I wish to apprehend. Therefore,
aspiration already assumes a duality, a gulf between me and that which faces me. The object is, as it were, already there, autonomous, present as a fact. This is, of course, a basic tenet of positivism and empiricism. The world as summation of all its possible contents is simply 'given'. This article also tries to enquire a little further into this perspective, questioning the nature of this objectivity exploring possible ambiguities. I shall be looking mostly at Kantian transcendentalism and Husserlian and Merleapontian phenomenology.
Could Buddhism really comptete Marxism in its material tendency? This would be
the point of focus of this piece of research through a comparative study between Buddhism
and Marxism in the light of the viewpoint of each of them toward materialism an
d such
relevant issues as the cosmos, God, religion, consciousness, dialectics….etc. therefore, we
shall endeavor basically to prove that Buddhism was not---- as is believed ---- a
philosophical spiritual school, quite contrastively, it was a realistically dynamic
materialistic school. If we could strike this point, Buddhism would be in the same domain
as Marxism. This is so if we did not consider them two cumulative school. Needless to say
that a few discrepancies whether relating to methodological or to the change of the spaciotemporal
or social change have been closely scrutinized.
This paper discusses the nature of Intersubjectivity in the dialectic master and slave
of the German philosopher Hegel. Intersubjectivity is an important philosophical subject; it
occupies an important place in the humanities in general, such as ps
ychology, sociology,
etc. Although the term "Intersubjectivity" is a contemporary term, that is not new, so we
can say that we will follow it from Descartes's famous phrase, "I think if I exist." To be the
beginning of a range of questions and treatments and philosophical research, Singles and
individualism.
The importance of this research is that it is a philosophical study of the structure, its
concept and its implications in Hegel's philosophy, as a basic law for understanding the
nature of the relationship between the selves and its role in the process of consciousness.
This is evident in the German philosopher Hegel through his famous "master and slave"
argument.
This study seeks to understand the nature of others in Hegel, and to show the levels
of the relationship between the ego and the other by focusing on the study of the dialectic
of the master and the slave, and the role of feminism in the concept of freedom in an
attempt to understand the true meaning of consciousness from the philosophy of Hegelian.
This research will discuss the reduction between Husserl and Merloponte, where
reductionism is one of the elements of Husserl’s phenomenological approach, which is the
way the transcendental ego is used to reach the anemones. Phenomenology has infl
uenced
many of the later philosophies, especially existentialism, where the latter attempted to
apply Phenomenology from the arena of feeling to the realm of existence, and Merloponte
as existential philosopher of the Phenomenology applied to his philosophy. This research
will focus on how Husserl and Merloponte treated the reduction, and what are the points of
intersection and difference between the philosophers. This research addresses the meaning
of the Pythagorean and phoenomological and Mahawe reduction in each, and how
Merloponte achieved a leap and overcome Husserl in a manner consistent with his
philosophy based on perception.
This research tries to examine the concept of self within the framework of modern
philosophy and contemporary philosophy, in an attempt to highlight the role of this
concept in the formation of most of the philosophical doctrines from the Greek era
to the
contemporary philosophy, through modern philosophy.
In this research, we will attempt to study the formation of this concept in the
framework of modern and contemporary philosophy, to show the philosophers' interest in
this concept and the extent to which the concept is linked to the clarify their own
philosophy. Therefore, the research attempts to provide a follow-up reading of the concept
of self in a comparative historical context, in which we demonstrate that this concept is still
alive in contemporary philosophy, albeit with different names, such as reason, mind or
feeling.
We will conclude from this the importance of the concept of self in the philosophical
context, which still occupies an important space in the thinking of modern and
contemporary philosophers. Here we will try to ask several questions, including what is the
dualism of the soul and body. How can the soul be a logical synthesis, an emanated mind,
or a subjective feeling? In this research, we will try to answer these questions and other
questions that will appear in the context of the research.
This paper deals the term of ironist liberalism in its pragmatic nature in Richard
Rorty philosophy, Based from the definition of the nature of the relationship between
liberalism and ironist, In rethinking post modernism in liberty and their posit
ions on the
philosophical and political level, By standing on modern perception of religion
Rorty,Which is considered the most important leap forward Rorty in our contemporary
world, With its distinctive effect in his new pragmatism philosophy, That affected with the
philosophy of John Dewey, Which has consistently referred to the overall philosophical
and religious ideas to the our real world, and try to call our utopian ideas and attracting its
usefulness our real world, Based on the policy of caring for the suffering of human beings
and their pains. Beyond all traditional liberal and religious theories.
This research also aims at clarifying the meaning of social utopian at Rorty, and its
role and embodiment by simulating the poetic subject in American society, and transition
from final worlds to the infinite worlds, trying to shed light on this political- philosophical
transgression, Which Rorty introduced to new pragmatic philosophy, so that we can reach
what is known as dialogue on the threshold of my community of talks. Based on the
balance and social solidarity between the ego and the other.
