The issue of export has become a main focus of economic policy-making states,
given that exports are an important engine in the process of economic growth. So countries
seriously seek to develop their exports and improve the export capacity through
the
adoption of an export development strategy. There are many international experiences in
this field, which have achieved remarkable success in improving their export performance
and raising the level of their economic performance. When studying the reality of Syrian
exports, it is evident that they suffer from several weaknesses negatively reflected on the
reality of the Syrian economy. This research aims to address those points, depending on the
strategy of developing exports applied in different countries of the world, representing an
important developmental policy and a means for boosting economic growth. It also aims to
highlight the possibility of benefiting from successful experiences by formulating a
national strategy for the development of Syrian exports in order to improve their position at
foreign markets and achieve stable and high growth rates.
The Multi-model transport system inSyria is considered of
slow evolution systems as it is capital intensive in alldifferent
means (land،marine،air،pipelines) and thus predominated by a
high fixed cost economic feature،and this causes an obstacle t
o
the development of multi-modeltransport،and therefore its inability
to compete.
But the hard work in improving thetransportation sector (by
land،sea،air) and the different modes (train،truck،ship،aircraft) and
following the necessarystrategies and logistics to help in
developing it،made the transport sector in Syria contributes a
significant proportion of GDP.
The research focused on the conclusion of a mathematical model to determine the
proportion of nitrogen oxides emitted from the internal combustion engine based on the
equations of chemical interaction of direct and reverse the conventional fuel wit
h the use of
many of the correction coefficients, as well as the possibility of developing this model.
Search to find out the concentration of nitrogen oxides NO changes resulting from the
combustion of fuel in internal combustion engines that run on diesel fuel and gasoline
adopted, during work time, and then transform this relationship to calculate the ratio of the
concentrations according to the angle of rotation of the engine crankshaft.
The research focuses on finding planning methods based on measuring and monitoring the
basic indicators of internal combustion engines (Diesel engines) in order to determine the
critical case of the engines, which determines the expected time for t
he engine or for some
of its basic parts to be sent for comprehensive maintenance.
The wear ratio of one of the basic components of the engine was also determined, we also
chose the diameter of the cylinder and the corrosion that happens to it in order to
determine the engine's lifetime and determine the moment when the engine should be sent
for comprehensive maintenance.
By observing a large number of engines put in repair in the industrial area in Lattakia,
which are 30 engines of different types of diesel and gasoline, and with different
capacities, it was noticed that about 15% of these engines were not exploited and invested
the entire work period designed for them. Also it was noticed that 20% of them have
stopped working because of the severe corrosion of parts, components and mechanics of
these engines, which led to their damage and their inability to do their work on a regular
basis. This has contributed to increased consumption of fuel and Lubricating materials,
which causes damage to the national economy.
The proposed planning method for determining the critical case of the engine when
comparing the schematic results with the practical results of the engines has proved its
efficiency and accuracy with an error rate of no more than 6% This allows it to be applied
and adopted as an effective way to determine the actual lifetime of the engine and compare
it with the life time of investing the engine mentioned in the manufacturer's catalogs when
operating the engine under normal conditions.
