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Export Policy Role in Reviving German Economy

دور سياسة التصدير في إنعاش الاقتصاد الألماني

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 Publication date 2021
  fields Financial
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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After the global financial crisis and the subsequent sovereign debt crisis that hit European economies in 2010, the German economy was able to recover faster than the others, achieving what has been called the "second German miracle". While some researchers had attributed this miracle to the monetary policy of the European Central Bank which is largely biased towards Germany (as the strongest economy in the region), others attributed it to the German economy’s reliance on the export sector and its successful strategy before and during the 2010 crisis. Accordingly, This study aimed to determine the extent of the contribution of the German export policy to achieve that miracle in order to extract some lessons. To this end, the impact of the export growth rate on the German economy has been analyzed since the outbreak of the European sovereign debt crisis in 2010 until the end of 2019; This is done by analyzing the changes in both the export growth rate and the main indicators of the German economy (growth, inflation, and unemployment rates) graphically and statistically depending on ARDL methodology in order to test the existence of a relationship in the long and short term.The research concluded that there was a significant effect of the export growth rate on growth and unemployment rates, while it didn’t have any effect on the inflation rates. That is, the German export-dependent growth model has relatively contributed to the recovery of the economy and the improvement of its indicators, depending on its export strategy on the one hand, the strength and resilience of the economy on the other hand, and on German’s benefit from the European crisis on the third hand.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تناقش هذه الورقة البحثية دور سياسة التصدير في إنعاش الاقتصاد الألماني بعد الأزمة المالية العالمية وأزمة الديون السيادية الأوروبية في عام 2010. تسلط الدراسة الضوء على ما يسمى بـ 'المعجزة الألمانية الثانية'، حيث تعافى الاقتصاد الألماني بشكل أسرع من بقية الدول الأوروبية. يُعزى هذا التعافي إلى عدة عوامل منها السياسة النقدية للبنك المركزي الأوروبي، ولكن الدراسة تركز بشكل خاص على سياسة التصدير الألمانية. تهدف الدراسة إلى تحليل تأثير معدل نمو الصادرات على المؤشرات الاقتصادية الرئيسية في ألمانيا مثل النمو الاقتصادي، التضخم، والبطالة خلال الفترة من 2010 إلى 2019. باستخدام منهجية الانحدار الذاتي ذي الفجوات الزمنية الموزعة (ARDL)، توصلت الدراسة إلى أن معدل نمو الصادرات له تأثير معنوي على معدلي النمو والبطالة، بينما لا يؤثر بشكل كبير على معدل التضخم. تُبرز النتائج أن النموذج الألماني القائم على التصدير ساهم بشكل كبير في تعافي الاقتصاد الألماني وتحسين مؤشراته الاقتصادية، مستفيداً من استراتيجيته التصديرية، قوة ومرونة الاقتصاد، واستفادة ألمانيا من الأزمة الأوروبية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أهمية الدراسة في تسليط الضوء على دور سياسة التصدير في إنعاش الاقتصاد الألماني، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن مناقشتها. أولاً، تركز الدراسة بشكل كبير على البيانات الكمية والتحليل الإحصائي، مما قد يغفل بعض العوامل النوعية التي قد تكون مؤثرة. ثانياً، الاعتماد على منهجية ARDL قد يكون محدوداً في تفسير العلاقات السببية المعقدة بين المتغيرات الاقتصادية. ثالثاً، لم تتناول الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تأثير السياسات الحكومية الأخرى مثل السياسات المالية والإصلاحات الهيكلية التي قد تكون لعبت دوراً هاماً في التعافي الاقتصادي. وأخيراً، قد يكون من المفيد مقارنة التجربة الألمانية بتجارب دول أخرى في نفس الفترة لتقديم رؤية أكثر شمولية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الفترة الزمنية التي تناولتها الدراسة لتحليل تأثير سياسة التصدير على الاقتصاد الألماني؟

    تناولت الدراسة الفترة من عام 2010 حتى نهاية عام 2019.

  2. ما هي المنهجية التي استخدمتها الدراسة لتحليل البيانات؟

    استخدمت الدراسة منهجية الانحدار الذاتي ذي الفجوات الزمنية الموزعة (ARDL) لتحليل البيانات.

  3. ما هو التأثير الذي وجدته الدراسة لمعدل نمو الصادرات على معدل التضخم في ألمانيا؟

    وجدت الدراسة أن معدل نمو الصادرات لا يؤثر بشكل كبير على معدل التضخم في ألمانيا.

  4. ما هي العوامل الأخرى التي ساهمت في تعافي الاقتصاد الألماني وفقاً للدراسة؟

    إلى جانب سياسة التصدير، ساهمت قوة ومرونة الاقتصاد الألماني واستفادة ألمانيا من الأزمة الأوروبية في تعافي الاقتصاد.


References used
GERALDINE, D., et al. Germany'sBenefit from the Greek Crisis, Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH),2015, PP 1-10
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