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Register a new userالانعكاس الطيفي لمحصولي الذرة الصفراء والبيضاء وعلاقته بالنمو وكمية المحصول
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Damascus University رسالة ماجستير
Publication date
2012
fields
Agricultural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
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الانعكاس الطيفي لمحصولي الذرة الصفراء والبيضاء وعلاقته بالنمو وكمية المحصول يهدف هذا البحث إلى مراقبة المؤشرات الطيفية لمحصولي الذرة الصفراء والذرة البيضاء خلال مراحل النمو وعلاقتها بالصفات الخضرية والإنتاجية المحصولية
No English abstract
References used
حميدان غدير (2011) رسالة ماجستير كلية الزراعة - جامعة دمشق
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This research was carried out during the agricultural season 2014 in the
Buqai'a plain in west of Homs governorate, to study the effect of several
systems for intercropping on Corn crop (Zea mays L.( and Soybean crop
(Glycine max L.): (Zea mays li
ne : Soybean line) (Zea mays line : Two
Soybean lines) (Two Zea mays lines + Soybean line) ( Two Zea mays
lines + Two soybean lines) (Single Zea mays crop), (Single soybean
crop).
In order to study the effect of prime treatment (salt hardening) on maize seeds
(variety Ghouta 82) and type of irrigation water on the plant response to salt stress through
the effect on the productivity and the plant tissue contents Cl, Na and K.
Maize seeds were
soaked in Euphrates fresh water (EC:1.03 dS.m-1), or in agricultural drainage water (EC:
5.89 dS.m-1) for (12) hours, the seeds therefore were dried and planted in plots of (15 m2)
for each replicate and then irrigated with four different types of water; (100 % Euphrates
water, 50% Euph. water + 50% agri. drain. water, 33 % Euph. water + 67 % agri. drain.
water, and 100% agri. drain. water) during the growing season. K, Na, and Cl in plants
were determinated, 1000 grains weight, and grain yield production were estimated in kg.h-1
for each replicate and treatment.
The results showed that, it is possible to have 3 tons of grain / hectare by irrigation
with agricultural drainage water, which is acceptable, under semi-arid conditions. Salt
hardening of maize seeds increased seed yield by (32.80%), which is considered
satisfactory under the experimental conditions.
Maize was domesticated from teosinte in Mexico some 7,000 to 10,000 years ago and quickly spread through the Americas. It has become one of the most
important crops at a local and global level. Two types, Northern Flint corn and Southern Dent corns
provided the basis of the genetic background of modern maize hybrids. The development of hybrids, first double-cross and
later single-cross hybrids, along with a transition to high input farming provided huge yield increases, which have continued to improve with improving technology. Increase in maize production also caused a rise in Western corn Rootworm
(Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte). As maize cultivation increased it spread from Eastern Colorado into Nebraska in the 50’s, Indiana by the 70’s and the East coast by the 90’s, and even Europe in 1992. A broadcast soil
application of organochlorine insecticides was a common control tactic beginning in the late 40s.
By 1959 control failures were noted and resistance spread with the concurrent corn rootworm range expansion. Resistance spread into areas where organochlorine insecticides had never been used. New modes of action were adopted and, more importantly, new management practices reducing selective pressure. In 2003 Bt traits for rootworm control were released, but by 2009 resistance was documented. The Western corn rootworm has proven highly adaptable to control measures, including rotation. Many challenges face agriculture in the future including water use, soil degradation, pest and disease control issues, and stagnant yield potentials. Despite these challenges, a great deal of technological advances such as precision agriculture, improved molecular techniques, and better adoption and implementation of Integrated Pest Management will provide effective tools for addressing these challenges. Addressing the challenges of the future is not an issue of technology.
Maize is more than a commodity; it has been and continues to be an essential part of our culture. The objective of this work is to illustrate that addressing the human dimension of these challenges will be crucial to addressing the current and future issues in agricultural production. Two separate examples of how this is being addressed are discussed.
Six population seeds of three yellow maize hybrids were formed at Agricultural Research Center, Homs, during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. Their plants were evaluated in 2010. The present work aims to determine the genetic parameters in six populati
ons (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2). Mean square results showed significant differences among mean values for all traits in all crosses. Significant heterosis values were positive and relative comparing to mid and better parent for most traits. The potence ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and crosses except ear height, indicating thus over-dominance. In breeding, depression values were significant in most traits for Cross-1, while their values were non- significant in all traits for Cross-2 except plant height, and also in Cross-3 except plant height and grain yield per plant. In most traits epestasis or dominance gene action occupied the first rank in the genetic effects in order of importance to cross, with the exception of number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and grain yield per plant where additive gene action occupied the first rank for Cross-2 and Cross-1 respectively. Therefore, it could be suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively more effective than in the early generations.
This study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus
University, during two seasons (2002-2003) to assess the effect of irrigation
methods (drip, sprinkler, furrow) of maize (Gota 82). The results showed
significant differences between
irrigation methods in grain and green weight
production (average of two seasons, for grain: 6.48 t/ha,6.065 t/ha, and 7.905
t/ha for drip, sprinkler and furrow irrigation respectively, and for green
weight 24.4t/ha, 22.04t/ha, and 25.75t/ha for drip, sprinkler and furrow
irrigation respectively).Concerning total water requirement, drip irrigation
method was the lowest one (average of two seasons, 4392.87m3/ha) followed by
sprinkler irrigation (5565m3/ha) compared with furrow irrigation
(9011.92m3/ha).
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