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دراسة جودة مياه بحيرة سد ١٦ تشرين
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Tishreen University رسالة ماجستير
Publication date
2013
fields
Civil Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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يهدف البحث إلى تحديد مؤشر جودة المياه لبحيرة سيد 16 تشرين، و للوصول لهدف البحث تم إجراء تحاليل فيزيائية – كيميائية- جرثومية دورية لمياه البحيرة. تيم أخذ العينيات من خمس مواقع على طول البحيرة لمدة سنة كاملة. تم قياس البارامترات التالية: درجية الحرارة، pH ،الناقلية الكهربائية ،DO ،العكارة، BOD5، النترات، النتريت، الألمونيوم، الفوسفات، عدد العصيات. تم تمثيل النتائج بيانيا ومقارنتها مع القيم المسموحة لمياه الشرب وفق المواصفات القياسية السورية. كميا تم تصنيف البحيرة وفق مؤشرات جودة المياه العالمية:المؤشر الماليزي، مؤشر جودة المياه العالمي NSFWQI ،المؤشر المعدلNEWWQI. تم تصنيف مياه البحيرة من الدرجة الثالثة في جميع المواقع وفق المؤشر الماليزي، ومن الدرجة الثانية عند وسط البحيرة ومن الدرجة الثالثة في باقي المواقع وفق المؤشر NSFWQI .تم تصنيفها من الدرجة الثانية في جميع المواقع وفقا للمؤشر NEWWQI. بناء على نتائج المؤشرات تبين أن المياه لا يمكن استخدامها للشرب وتحتاج إلى معالجة. تم تحديد درجة إخصاب مياه البحيرة فوجد أنها مخصبة بالنسبة ل TN وTP عند وسط البحيرة ، وشديدة الإخصاب بالنسبة ل TN،TP في باقي المواقع.
The research aims to determine a water Quality Index for the Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam. To achieve this aim we have carried out a different periodical physicchemical and bacterial measurements on the water of the lake. The Samples were taken at five sites along the lake for a period of complete year. The indicators that ، NO2، NO3، BOD5، DO، EC، PH، Turbidity،have been measured are: Temperature and ، F.C. Measurement results were represented diagrammatically،PO4،NH4 compared with the Syrian Specification Standards for portable Water. The lake was Canadian Indices ، classed according to these Indices: Malays quality index (NEWWQI). The Lake was Classed according to these indices as ،(NSFWQI) from second grade at ،following:from third grade at all locations (Malays Index) and from ،the middle lake and from a third grade to all other locations (NSFWQI) second grade at all locations (NEWWQI). According to this indices the water is not good for drinking and needs treatment. The Productivity of the lake was determined. The Lake is Eutrophic according to TN-TP in the middle but Hypertrophic accordingtoTN-TP in all other location
References used
Water Quality Parameters and Definitions,AppendixE-4 Environmental Studies Board,National Academy of Science ,1972
Department of Ecology,A Citizen Guide to understanding and Monitoring Lakes and Stream,Chapter2-Lakes,How to Report Analyze Lake Water Quality Data,pp. 5
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The research aims to determine the water Quality Index for the Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam. To achieve
this aim, we have carried out different periodical physic-chemical and bacterial measurements on the lake
water. The samples were taken at five sites
along the lake for a period of one complete year. The indicators
that have been measured are: Temperature, Turbidity, PH, EC, DO, BOD5, NO3, NO2, NH4 ,PO4, F.C.
Measurement results were represented diagrammatically, and compared with the Syrian Specification
Standards for portable Water. The lake was classed according to these Indices: Malays quality index,
Canadian Indices (NSFWQI), (NEWWQI). The Lake was Classed according to these indices as following:
from third grade at all locations (Malays Index), from second grade at the middle lake and from a third grade
to all other locations (NSFWQI), and from second grade at all locations (NEWWQI). According to this
indices the water is not good for drinking and needs treatment. The Productivity of the lake was determined.
The Lake is Eutrophic according to TN,TP in the middle but Hypertrophic according to TN,TP in all other
locations.
This research aims at studying the most important indicators of water pollution leading to
nutrient increase (eutrophication) in AL- Basel Dam Lake, and connecting them with
pollution sources represented by untreated sewage water and agricultural d
rainage water,
including rain water coming from the lands surrounding the lake. Among the most
important of these indicators are total phosphorus (TP) and total Nitrogen (TN). Samples
were taken and analyzed from four sitesof the lake (S1, S2, S3, S4) were conducted
periodically. The work continued to conduct tests for full hydrological cycle as of January
(2016) until December (2016). The study showed that the lake was highly fertilized
according to the (TN- TP) this indicates that the lake is affected by the pollutants it
encounters, especially the wastewater pollutants. The specific component of algal growth
was determined by knowing the ratio between total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The TN
/ TP ratio was greater than 10, so total phosphorus is the specific component of algal
growth in the Basel DamLake.
The study included 132 Free – living fish in Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam,
collected randomly during the period from 22/11/2011 until 22/10/2012, on
average once a month, for detecting the infection of parasitic copepoda, and
determine the distribution rate, and their effect on the fish productivity.
The study included 144 Free – living fish from the Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam, collected randomly during the period from 12/2011 until 11/2012, on monthly basis to detect the infection with Epistylis sp. and determine its distribution rate.
Fish sam
ples were: Cyprinus carpio L., Varicorhinus damascinus, Garra rufus, Tilapia zilli, and Liza abu. Tilapia zilli was the most prevalent in the lake of 16 Tishreen Dam.
The study revealed fish infection with Epistylis sp. on free – living fish in the Lake, with a total infection rate 22.22 % , mainly on Tilapia zillii (29.70 %) and then on mullet (2%);No infection with Epistylis sp. Was recorded on the other fish species. The infection with this ecto Epistylis sp. was recorded for the first time in Syria in our study.
The infection with Epistylis sp. was located on the skin, fins and gills. The highest infection rate was on the fins ( 42.34 %) , followed by skin (37.46 %) , and then by gills (1.87 %) .
The infection with Epistylis sp. had the highest rate in summer ; i.e. during high temperature , low concentration of dissolved oxygen , and slightly high value of BOD.
The study showed that, the water of 16 Tishreen Dam is relatively clean.
The statistical Study of Jointsarround 16 Tishreen lake dame region in ALKabir
ALShimali river basin showed the presence of several main groups of Joints with
directions NE-SW _ NNE-SSW, NW-SE, E-W.
- Group NE-SW: showed correspond to with the fau
lt structures of same directions
which are normal and reversal faults and distributing geographically 1n Lattakia Kallas
fault zone. Also it showes correspond to with the axis of folds of same direction, thus
explained as longitudinal joints within these folds
- Group NW-SE: showed correspond to with faults structures of same direction.
which are left and right lateral strike slip faults, Spread over the entire study area. and it
may(diagonal)shear group within the folds of NE-SW axes.
- Group E-W:correspond to with normal faults structures.
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