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Register a new userGenotype by Environment Interaction and Yield Stability of Cultivars and Promising Lines of Barley over Diverse Syrian Environments
التفاعل الوراثي البيئي و ثباتية الغلة لأصناف و سلالات مبشرة من الشعير عبر بيئات سورية متباينة
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اختُبر 24 طرازاً وراثياً لصفة الغلة الحبية في أربعة مواقـع متباينـة فـي موسـمي 2005/2006 و 2006/2007 و تضمنت المادة الوراثية 19 سلالة مبشرة و خمسة شواهد تمثل أصناف الشعير المحليـة و المحسنة لمنطقة الاستقرار الثانية (250-350 مم/سنة) في سورية. أظهرت النتائج الدور المهم للتفاعل الوراثي البيئي من النوع Crossover في أداء الطرز الوراثية المدروسة و ترتيبها عبر بيئات الاختبـار و عاد الجزء الأكبر من التباين العائد للتفاعل GE إلى تفاعل الطراز الوراثي مع الموسم GS و مع الموقع و الموسم GLS ، ما يدل على أهمية الانتخاب لثباتية الغلة فضلاً عن متوسط الغلة عبر البيئـات.
Twenty four genotypes were tested for grain yield in four diverse locations over two seasons i.e. 2005-06 and 2006-07. The genetic material contained 19 promising lines and five checks representing the local and improved cultivars for Zoon B (250-350 mm/year) in Syria. The results showed the significant role of the genotype by environment interaction of crossover type in the performance of the genotypes studied and their ranking across test environments. The largest portion of the variance due to GE interaction was attributed to genotype by season GS and Genotype by location by season GLS interactions which revealed the importance of selection for yield stability in addition to average yield across environments.
References used
Annicchiarico, P. (1997). Joint regression vs AMMI analysis of genotypeenvironment interactions for cereals in Italy. Euphytica 94: 53-62
Annicchiarico, P. (2002). Genotype × environments interactions – challenges and opportunities for plant breeding and cultivar recommendation. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 174. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome
Baker, R. J. (1988). Tests for crossover genotype-environmental interactions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 68: 405-410
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اختُبر 12 طرازا وراثياً من القمح القاسي Triticuum. du لصفة الغلة الحبيبة
في ثلاثة مواقع بيئية متباينة خلال موسمي 2014/2013 ,2015 /2014 و تضمنت المادة الوراثية 7 سلالات مبشرة و خمسة شواهد تمثل أصناف القمح القاسي المحلية لمنطقتي الاستقرار الأولى و ا
لثانية في سورية. صممت التجربة وفق تصميم القطاعات الكاملة العشوائية في ثلاثة مكررات, حللت البيانات و تمت المقارنة وفق اختبار أقل فرق معنوي LSD عند مستوى دلالة 5%.
Eleven genotypes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested at three diverse
locations in the Syrian Coast during the 2015-2016 season under rain-fed conditions to
assess these genotypes and to study the Genotypes x Environments Interactions
, and yield
stability across environments using 5 statistical measures of stability:{ X¯i, bi, and i
according to Eberhart and Russell (1966), Stability Variance Index (2
i) according to
Wricke and Weber (1980), Ecovalance Stability Index (Wi) according to Wricke (1962)}.
Genetic material included 5 promising lines and 6 local varieties (provided by ACSAD and
GCSAR).The experiment was designed using randomized complete block design with
three replications, statistical data analysis was done, and least significant difference
(L.S.D) test at 5% was applied for comparison of means. Significant differences were
observed among bread wheat genotypes for grain yield (ton/ha), combined analysis of
variance of grain yield across the three environments showed significant mean squares due
to genotypes, environments and genotypes x environments interaction, suggesting
differential responses of genotypes across studied environments and validity of stability
analysis.
Stability analysis for grain yield revealed that; the promising line ACSAD-1147 and
Doma6 were more stable than other genotypes. Due to they had superior ranks for both
average yield over environments and yield stability, which reveals the importance of these
genotypes to reach varieties that combine relatively high yield and better stability in any
future breeding programs.
In Syria, Barley is grown under rainfed conditions in areas receive less than 300mm
(zones: 2, 3 and 4), which is characterized by limited water availability and large year to
year variability in both total rainfall and distribution . A biotic stre
sses such as drought,
cold, heat , salinity and biotic stresses in addition to low soil fertility and the traditional
methods in agriculture production are the limiting factors for barley productivity in
Syria. In these agro-climatic environments, landraces and their wild relatives are
considered to be very useful as main sources of genetic materials in breeding programs,
also its widely recognized that these materials could be an important source of useful
genetic variation. A study of the genetic structure of landraces may explain to what
extent their adaptation to harsh environments is associated with remote or continuous
introgression of H. spontaneum, and hence indicates an additional avenue to improve
barley yield and its stability in dry areas. The ability of pure lines to sustain yield and
stability in dry areas highly correlated with its heterogeneity. and the mixture of several
lines gave higher productivity than the pure line Arabi asswad.
The objectives of this work were to study the relationships between the genotype and
environment interaction, to evaluate and compare the performance of number of
populations and barleymixtures with pure barley lines under rainfed conditions (Zone2)
in Tel Hadya Research Station (35 Km South of Aleppo city).
The study also aimed to investigate the population dynamic behavior of three pure
lines of barley in pure stands and in mixtures, each pure line being selected from
landraces of three climatically/ ecologically different regions in Syria and Jordan.
The results showed that, in spit of the narrow genetic variation between the
experimental materials, the variations were very wide and obvious for most of the studid
characteristics, mainly on grain yield (3.25-5.17 ton/ha) and biological yield 7.4 – 11.9.
The variation was due to highly productive tillers, 1000 kernel weight and grain size as
well as the morphological and phenological characteristics. The environmental conditions
during the three seasons did not allow the evaluation of the reaction of the Mixtures and
Populations even though mixture 2, which consists of 1: 2: 1 of zanbaka, Arta and Wadi
Al-Hassa showed a very good performance in grain yield, biological yield and many other
characteristics such as grain weight, harvest index, threshing percentage, grain number
and grain weight. It is expected that pure lines will perform better in favorable and
stable conditions and mixtures and some populations will play a very important role
under stressed environments.
This study was carried out in cooperation between the Faculty of
Agriculture, Damascus University and the General Commission for Scientific
Agricultural Research (GCSAR) in Karahta station of field crops researches
during two growing seasons (2003
-04 & 2004-05).
Four local improved barley lines and cultivars (female parents) were
crossed with five exotic lines and cultivars (male parents) using line × tester
method. The crosses were grown along with their parents in a randomized
complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to estimate general
combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability(SCA) and both mid and
high parent heterosis for number of spikes per plant, number of grains per
spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield per plant.
This research was carried out at the Maize Researches Department of
General Commission of Science Agriculture Research (GCSAR), Damascus,
Syria, During the growing season 2010 to study general and specific combining
ability and the behavior of the
inheritance of plant height, ear height, yield per
unit area, ear length and ear diameter in sweet corn by the use of half diallel
crosses of five selected sweet corn inbred lines (IL.1037-08) P1, (IL.1062-08) P2,
(IL.1049-08) P3, (IL.209-08) P4 and (IL.1065-08) P5
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