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Theoretical social assets in the study of values between the tendency of interpretation and understanding and change

الأصول الاجتماعية النظرية في دراسة القيم بين نزعة التفسير و الفهم و التغير

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 Publication date 2018
  fields Sociology
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The present study aims to identify the similarities and differences in the view of values between the main social theoretical trends adopted as assets to discuss topics of interest to sociology. These trends agreed in principle to give quality of objectively to the values, and differed about their interpretation, understanding and change. We resort to the comparative approach to find the disclosure of similarities and differences. This approach is the closest approaches of social research to the nature of the studied subject, mainly in the study of social phenomena. We will also turn to the analysis of the content according to the requirements of the study when determining the point of view concerning the values in this direction or that as stated by the first founders of these trends, namely Emile Durkheim functional trend, and the founder of the rules of the approach in sociology, and Karl Marx, the founder of marital comprehension of history and social life, Max Weber, the founder of sociology of understanding, a pioneer of the ideal model of social analysis. The efforts made by the founders to study social problems and phenomena, which have been adopted as the basis of research in sociology, the researcher can draw from their general context their view of values and reveal the underlying aspect of their studies around them, especially if we know that each of the first pioneers did not highlight directly on the values concept.


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Research summary
تهدف الدراسة إلى استكشاف أوجه التشابه والاختلاف في النظرة إلى القيم بين الاتجاهات الاجتماعية النظرية الرئيسية في علم الاجتماع. تتناول الدراسة ثلاثة اتجاهات رئيسية: الاتجاه الوظيفي الذي يمثله إميل دوركهايم، الاتجاه المادي التاريخي الذي يمثله كارل ماركس، والنموذج المثالي الذي يمثله ماكس فيبر. يركز البحث على كيفية تفسير هذه الاتجاهات للقيم وفهمها وتغيرها، مع التأكيد على أن المؤسسين الأوائل لم يسلطوا الضوء مباشرة على موضوع القيم. يستخدم الباحث المنهج المقارن ومنهج تحليل المضمون للكشف عن الفروق والتشابهات بين هذه الاتجاهات. يخلص البحث إلى أن هناك تباينًا كبيرًا في كيفية تناول القيم بين هذه الاتجاهات، مما يعكس تعقيد الظاهرة الاجتماعية للقيم وصعوبة دراستها بشكل مباشر في علم الاجتماع مقارنة بالعلوم الأخرى مثل علم النفس وعلم النفس الاجتماعي.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر الدراسة شاملة ومهمة في مجال علم الاجتماع، حيث تقدم نظرة متعمقة في كيفية تناول القيم من قبل مؤسسي هذا العلم. ومع ذلك، يمكن القول أن الدراسة قد تكون معقدة بعض الشيء للقارئ غير المتخصص بسبب استخدام المصطلحات النظرية المعقدة. كان من الممكن تبسيط بعض الأجزاء لتكون أكثر وضوحًا. كما أن الدراسة تعتمد بشكل كبير على التحليل النظري دون تقديم أمثلة تطبيقية أو دراسات حالة، مما قد يقلل من قدرتها على تقديم حلول عملية للمشكلات الاجتماعية المتعلقة بالقيم.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الاتجاهات الثلاثة الرئيسية التي تناولتها الدراسة في تفسير القيم؟

    الاتجاهات الثلاثة هي الاتجاه الوظيفي الذي يمثله إميل دوركهايم، الاتجاه المادي التاريخي الذي يمثله كارل ماركس، والنموذج المثالي الذي يمثله ماكس فيبر.

  2. ما هو المنهج الذي استخدمه الباحث في هذه الدراسة؟

    استخدم الباحث المنهج المقارن ومنهج تحليل المضمون للكشف عن الفروق والتشابهات بين الاتجاهات المختلفة في تفسير القيم.

  3. ما هي النقطة الرئيسية التي يختلف فيها ماكس فيبر عن كارل ماركس في تفسير القيم؟

    يختلف ماكس فيبر عن كارل ماركس في أن فيبر يرى أن القيم والأخلاق هي التي تؤثر في نشوء النظم الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، بينما يرى ماركس أن الاقتصاد هو الذي يؤثر في نشوء القيم والأخلاق.

  4. لماذا يعتبر موضوع القيم معقدًا وصعب الدراسة في علم الاجتماع مقارنة بالعلوم الأخرى؟

    يعتبر موضوع القيم معقدًا وصعب الدراسة في علم الاجتماع لأنه يتطلب فهمًا عميقًا للعلاقات الاجتماعية والنظم الاجتماعية، وهو ما يجعل من الصعب قياسه واختباره بشكل مباشر كما هو الحال في علم النفس وعلم النفس الاجتماعي.


References used
Beker.H.,Through Values to Social Interpretation, Durham, Durham University Press, 1950,pp.97-296
Don.M.,The Nature and Types of Sociological Theory, Rutledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1960,p.251
Weber.M.,The Methodology of The Social Science, Illinois, Illinois Press,1979,pp.72-75-80-86-92-93-94
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