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Potential of Free and Open Source Geographic Information Systems (FOSS_GIS) Applications in Optimal Site Selection Analysis of Urban Project

إمكانيات أنظمة المعلومات الجغرافية الحرة ومفتوحة المصدر (FOSS_GIS) تطبيق في تحليل اختيار الموقع الأمثل لمشروع عمراني

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 Publication date 2017
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Fadi CHAABAN




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Free and Open Source software (FOSS) is one of computer software, which source code can be accessed, freely used, modify, and distribute by anyone. It is produced by many of people or organizations, and distributed under licenses that comply with the open source definition. This software has recently begun to play an important role in the academic and scientific research field, as in the professional field. In the past few decades, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has seen very high growth rate, and this development included each of commercial and open source GIS software. This research aims to show the great potential of Free and Open Source Geographic Information Systems (FOSS_GIS), and motivating to adopt it in developing countries, as a means to reduce licensing costs, promote local technological development through access to the source code and developing these systems. A case study is taken, in which we have tried to highlight the most important advantages of this software (i.e. FOSS_GIS), such as ease of implementation and good use, the ability to analyze and display of spatial data, professional maps production, and functionality emulator to commercial GIS software. The case study included the methodology of spatial suitability analysis, which is one of the main tasks of GIS; this methodology has been applied to choose the optimal site of urban project in Sheikh Badr area (Tartous Governorate) by proposing a set of general conditions. Using optimal site selection analysis of urban project helps to avoid the indiscriminate expansion and the irregular land-use. The free and open source software QGIS was used in this research, as well as the algorithms and tools of GRASS and SAGA softwares. Key Words: FOSS_GIS, spatial analysis, QGIS, optimal site selection, Sheikh Bader area

References used
درويش، حنان. تطوير منهجية جديدة في تحليل اختيار الموقع الأمثل لمنشأة ما باستخدام المنطق الضبابي ضمن بيئة أنظمة المعلومات الجغرافية، منطقة الدراسة: طرطوس -سورية. مجلة جامعة البعث. 2016;38، 103-154
STEINIGER S, HUNTER AJS. The 2012 free and open source GIS software map – A guide to facilitate research , development , and adoption. Comput Environ Urban Syst. 2013;39:136-150.
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Free and open source software (FOSS) is a computer programs which source code can be freely accessed, freely used, changed, and distributed by anyone. It is produced by many people or organizations, and distributed under licenses that conform to t he definition of open source. (gvSIG) is one of the most important open source software within the field of geographic information systems (GIS). It provides an integrated environment for editing, querying, storing, analyzing and distributing spatial data. It also provides an environment for displaying and outputting spatial and descriptive information for specific goals. The project aims to:  Preparing an educational guide in Arabic for using the free and open source (gvSIG) Program.  Practical use of the program through two practical applications: o Producing a digital plan for Tishreen University area, by digitizing a satellite image of the study area, spatially referenced to the coordinate system (UTM) according to certain control points. o Producing thematic maps for elevation, Contour lines, slope, shadows, and Aspect maps, from real surveying data for a certain area of Lattakia countryside.
شهد مجال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية الحرة ومفتوحة المصدر في العقود القليلة الماضية معدل نمو مرتفع للغاية. وبدأت هذه البرمجيات تلعب دور حيوي وهام في المجال الأكاديمي والبحث العملي، كما في المجال المهني. ونظراً لقلة وندرة المصادر باللغة العربية عن هذا ا لموضوع، يهدف المشروع إلى تقديم دليل علمي باللغة العربية لتعلم برنامج QGIS الحر ومفتوح المصدر وإبراز إمكانياته الكبيرة. كما يهدف إلى تطبيق عملي في برنامج QGIS ، يتضمن إرجاع صورة فضائية وإنشاء عدد من الطبقات لرقمنة الواقع الحقيقي وترميزها بشكل جيد ثم بالنهاية سيتم العمل على تخطيط الطباعة للإخراج النهائي للمشروع. كما يهدف إلى التحفيز على اعتماد هذه البرمجيات في الدول النامية كوسيلة للحد من تكاليف الترخيص وتعزيز التنمية التكنولوجية المحلية عن طريق الحصول على الشيفرة المصدرية لهذه الأنظمة وتطويرها. أقسام المشروع: يتألف المشروع من عدة فصول، حاولنا من خلالها تسليط الضوء على أهم مزايا هذه البرمجيات، مثل سهولة التنفيذ والاستخدام الجيد، القدرة على تحليل وعرض البيانات المكانية والأداء الوظيفي المضاهي للبرمجيات التجارية، وإنتاج الخرائط الاحترافية. يعرض الفصل الأول مقدمة عن الدليل التعليمي لبرنامج QGIS ، ويوضح أهم المصطلحات، الرموز والأدوات المستخدمة في واجهة المستخدم الرسومية، كما يقدم موجز قصير عن ستة فئات عامة من الأدوات الأساسية والإضافات، كما يحوي طريقة تنزيل وتثبيت البرنامج على جهاز الكمبيوتر وطريقة البدء بالعمل عليه. يشرح الفصل الثاني واجهة المستخدم الرسومية لبرنامج QGIS وطريقة العمل بمكوناتها المختلفة. يتطرق الفصل الثالث إلى مجموعة من الأدوات العامة والهامة لاستخدام البرنامج بالشكل الأمثلي كاختصارات لوحة المفاتيح، ومجموعة كبيرة من طرق تغيير الإظهار. ويوضح الفصل الرابع طريقة ضبط إعدادات البرنامج ومشروع QGIS والخصائص المختلفة. ويشرح الفصل الخامس طريقة العمل مع الإسقاطات ونظم الإحداثيات المختلفة ضمن البرنامج QGIS. أما الفصلين السادس والسابع فيتطرقان إلى العمل مع البيانات الشعاعية والمصفوفية في QGIS وصيغهما المدعومة في البرنامج (على التوالي). تضمن الفصل الثامن التنسيق والتخطيط للطباعة ضمن QGIS باستخدام منضد(أو مؤلف أو منسق أو مخطط) الطباعة Print Composer وطرق إنشاء خرائط ليتم طباعتها أو حفظها. وفي الفصل التاسع والأخير تم إنجاز تطبيق عملي (مشروع) في برنامج QGIS، حيث تم تنزيل صورة فضائية من جوجل إيرث لمنطقة سد الحويز (محافظة اللاذقية)، ثم قمنا بإظهار طريقة إرجاعها، بعدها تم إنشاء عدد من الطبقات لرقمنة الواقع الحقيقي (من كافة الأنواع نقطة، خط ومضلع) وتم ترميزها بشكل جيد ثم بالنهاية تم العمل على تخطيط الطباعة للإخراج النهائي للمشروع.
With the recent advances in the field of network security, a technique called Intrusion Detection System IDS is developed to further enhance and make network secure. It is a way by which we can protect our internal network from outside attack, and can take appropriate action if needed. Using intrusion detection methods, information can be collected from known types of attack and can be used to detect if someone is trying to attack the network. Many techniques are there to detect intrusion in a network like signature matching, anomaly based and others. The work presented here studies and compares the techniques used by intrusion detection systems, and focuses on the signature matching technique. It discusses the open source, free intrusion detection system Snort. Another open source intrusion detection system Bro is also discussed. It compares these systems alarms against the open source tool IDSWakeup.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) present one of the most important 3D modeling techniques of cities, which has become a very important and necessary for representing of contemporary cities, and doing different analyses, with the aim of finding so lutions to the problems raised through a virtual model of reality. In addition, 3D GIS play an important role in urban planning. Despite the presence of a large number of programs capable of dealing with 3D objects, many of these applications require high technologies and advanced tools for the representation and analysis of 3D objects. The objects of 3D models represented in GIS can be associated with a set of queryable attributes, and this is not available in other 3D modeling software. This Research aims to highlight the importance of procedural 3D modeling of cities in GIS environment using ESRI CityEngine. A set of CGA (computer generated architecture) rules - programmed by procedural modeling language in CityEngine- will be presented to generate realistic 3D models that can represent all elements of cities and its infrastructure. Then, all the objects will be exported to a Web Scene viewer, which allows the creation a comprehensive platform to present a system to support decision-making, and facilitate project management related to the management of cities. The research methods will be applied to Tartous governorate through designing and modeling of proposed residential area. This study will include CGA rules applied to create a 3D model of proposed area, it will show the importance of GIS in modeling and representation of cities.
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