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Register a new userStudy of the performance of Magnetic Induction ( MI ) wave guide in accomplishment a wireless under ground communication
دراسة أداء دليل الموجة المغناطيسية في تحقيق اتصال لاسلكي ضمن التربة
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Authors
محمد محسن قباقلي( باحث )
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يمكن تحقيق اتصال لاسلكي ضمن التربةباستخدام دليل الموجة المحرض مغناطيسيا المكون من رنانتين (ملف + مكثف) متباعدتين عن بعضهما مسافة محددة تمثل طول الدليل.
We can accomplish a wireless undergroundcommunication by MI waveguide, which is twoof resonant pairs (coil + capacity) that separate by distance (d).
References used
I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E.Cayirci, “Wireless sensor networks: A survey,” March 2002
L. Li, M. C. Vuran, and I. F. Akyildiz, “Characteristics of undergroundchannel for wireless underground sensornetworks,” presented at theMed-Hoc-Net’07, Corfu, Greece, Jun. 2007
W. M. Telford, L. P. Geldart, and R. E. Sheriff, Applied Geophysics,2nd ed. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990
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In last decade, many of researches have proposed to study materials with periodic
structures,These structures can be engineered to realize novel electromagnetic properties
and to achieve behaviors that are not found in naturally materials. These ma
terials have
negative permittivity and permeability .Those are called meta-material or Left Hand
Material (LHM), They are fabricated, studied and analyzed within different applications of
microwave and optical communication. Recently, the microwave engineering applications
of artificial metamaterials have been widely discussed and various novel microwave
components were achevid for example, filters, antennas and fiber optic. This paper studys
and analyzes the reflection from fractal distribution of MMs layers in RHM medium, using
the recursive method, and applies it in the design of microwave narrow band filters.
Although Multi-Input-Multi-Output MIMO improve reliability of wireless
transmission system and increase bit rate, but this improvement relay on higher cost in
Hardware and increase in size as well as complex structure, so the cost-effective challen
ge
still exists to implement these technique.
Performance can be improved without increasing the cost significantly by using
virtual MIMO systems where the spacing is achieved by using pre-existing devices within
the network infrastructure, these systems called cooperative communication systems,
which are the subject of this research.
The simulation is based on standard software for modeling MATLAB and open
sourced Network simulator-3 (NS-3) to characterize problems in wireless communications
systems and propose appropriate solutions.
This research was conducted in Abo Jarash farm (College of Agriculture,
Damascus University) in 2009/2010. Fifteen strains of durum wheat contrived
by ACSAD and ICARDA were studied, the productivity and its main
components were compared with four
certified varieties of durum wheat in
Syria. The experiment was designed in complete randomized block design with
three replicants. The results showed the presence of significant differences
between the strains in most of the studied traits, and the strains derived from
ACSAD were featured in the performance under the experiment condition.
And those strains were characterized by the early heading, and maturity
comparing with the wildly cultivated varieties in Syria and some of them were
super or in grain production as Acsad 1311, Acsad 1327, Acsad 357(3648.36,
2988.75, 2884.80 kg/ha). The results confirmed the importance of the some
components of productivity, weight of thousand grain, number of spikes, And
plant length which were correlated positively with the productivity in unit area.
Wireless networks suffer from frequent loss of packets for many reasons such as
interference, collision and fading. This makes wireless medium unreliable medium for data
transfer. The main methods for ensuring the reliability in this medium are usi
ng
transmission control protocol (TCP) and the automatic repeat request (ARQ). Recently,
network coding has been found as new technology that changes the traditional forwarding
method (Store- and- Forward) in the networks to more effective and intelligent method
(Code- and- Forward), which contributes to the increase of both capacity and throughput of
these networks.
In this research, random linear network coding is used as promising technology that
aims to achieve the reliable transfer of data in losing wireless networks, and studying the
enhancement that this technology presents to the performance of these networks in unicast
and multicast transmission. For evaluating the efficiency of this technology and comparing
its performance with the performance of reliable transfer protocols, we use the networks
simulator (NS3). Simulation results showed that random linear network coding achieve the
reliable transfer of data with bigger throughput and less delay and number of transmission
compared with the protocols (TCP, ARQ).
This study conducted on 30 sample of ground water, spreaded over most of the Cretaceous formations in the studied area, in order to determine origin and quality of water and evaluate it for the purposes of irrigation and drinking.
The study showed t
hat samples taken are not of the same origin, but of the same hydrochemical type of hydrocarbons. Four sets of formed salts also detected. All samples of this study were valid for irrigation water. The samples taken from Bchuna, Al-Matn, Al- Maran, Kafrdabel, Kassaben sites were safe for drinking, the rest of the samples were not because of the increase of calcium ions concentration. The sample of Ain-Kataa site had an increase in concentration of bicarbonate and potassium ions. An exceeded concentration of the limit of these electrolytes values for drinking water according to the Syrian Standard Specificationswas noticed.
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