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Improving the desalting and dewatering process of crude oil

تحسين عملية فصل الماء و الأملاح عن النفط

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 Publication date 2016
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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In this research we improve the desalting process by determine the perfect value of demulsifier and washing water flow rate , reducing the salts concentration of separated water current going to first stage desalting and increasing residence time of oil into desalter according to the characteristic of oil and the process condition.


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Research summary
يتناول هذا البحث تحسين عملية فصل الماء والأملاح عن النفط الخام في شركة حيان للنفط. يحتوي النفط الخام على أملاح منحلّة أو معلّقة، والتي يمكن أن تسبب تآكل المعدات وتلوث الوسائط المستخدمة في العمليات اللاحقة. لذلك، يجب إزالة هذه الأملاح قبل دخول النفط إلى عمليات التثبيت. يهدف البحث إلى تحسين كفاءة عملية الفصل من خلال تحديد معدل الحقن المناسب لمادة مانع الاستحلاب، ومعدل ماء الغسيل المستخدم، وتخفيف التركيز الملحي لتيار الماء الراجع إلى المرحلة الأولى للفصل، وزيادة زمن البقاء في فاصل نازع الأملاح. تم إجراء دراسة نظرية وعملية لتحديد العوامل المؤثرة على العملية وأهم التقنيات المستخدمة. النتائج أظهرت أن تحسين كفاءة الفصل يمكن تحقيقه من خلال ضبط معدلات الحقن وماء الغسيل وزمن البقاء، مما يؤدي إلى تقليل نسبة الأملاح في النفط المنتج وتجنب المشاكل التشغيلية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: يعتبر هذا البحث خطوة مهمة نحو تحسين عمليات فصل الماء والأملاح عن النفط الخام، وهو موضوع ذو أهمية كبيرة في صناعة النفط. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض الانتقادات البناءة لتحسين البحث. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن يتضمن البحث دراسة مقارنة بين تقنيات الفصل المختلفة المستخدمة في شركات أخرى، مما يعطي رؤية أوسع وأشمل. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير العوامل البيئية والاقتصادية على العملية، وهو جانب مهم يجب مراعاته. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن يتضمن البحث تجارب ميدانية إضافية للتحقق من النتائج النظرية بشكل أكثر دقة. وأخيراً، يمكن تحسين البحث من خلال تضمين تحليل تكلفة-فائدة لتحديد الجدوى الاقتصادية للتعديلات المقترحة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الأضرار التي يمكن أن تسببها الأملاح الموجودة في النفط الخام؟

    يمكن أن تسبب الأملاح تآكل المعدات، وتلوث الوسائط المستخدمة في العمليات اللاحقة، وتشكيل الترسبات الملحية التي تعيق جريان الموائع وتقلل من كفاءة انتقال الحرارة.

  2. ما هي العوامل الرئيسية التي تؤثر على كفاءة عملية فصل الماء والأملاح؟

    العوامل الرئيسية تشمل معدل الحقن لمادة مانع الاستحلاب، معدل ماء الغسيل، زمن البقاء في فاصل نازع الأملاح، ودرجة الحرارة.

  3. كيف يمكن تحسين كفاءة عملية فصل الماء والأملاح؟

    يمكن تحسين الكفاءة من خلال ضبط معدلات الحقن لمادة مانع الاستحلاب، ومعدل ماء الغسيل، وزيادة زمن البقاء في فاصل نازع الأملاح، وتخفيف التركيز الملحي لتيار الماء الراجع.

  4. ما هي الطرق المختلفة المستخدمة في عملية فصل الماء والأملاح؟

    تشمل الطرق الميكانيكية، الكيميائية، الحرارية، الكهربائية، والكيميائية الحرارية، ويمكن استخدام هذه الطرق بشكل منفرد أو مجتمعة.


References used
ANDREW . P , 2002- The Effects of Inorganic Solid Particles on Water and Crude OilEmulsion Stability . Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina ,225p
MAHDI.K, GHESHLAGHI . R, 2008-Characterization and modeling of a crude oil desalting plant by a statistically designed approach,128p
RAOUF. M ,2012-Factors Affecting the Stability of Crude Oil Emulsions, Crude Oil Emulsions,Composition Stability and haracterization, 85p
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