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Register a new userRemoving crude oil from water surface by using marine algae
إزالة النفط من سطح المياه باستخدام الطحالب البحرية
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تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إلقاء الضوء على استخدام الطحالب البحرية و رقائق البولي بروبلين لإزالة النفط الخام من مياه البحر السطحية. حدد زمن الامتصاص الأمثل و السعة الامتصاصية لهذه المواد في حمام نفط/ماء و نفط فقط بدون ماء لثلاثة أنواع من النفط ذات لزوجة مختلفة. ارتبطت القدرة على إزالة النفط من سطح مياه البحر ببنية المادة الماصة و خواص سطحها إضافة إلى كمية و خواص النفط و بشكل خاص لزوجته. بينت الدراسة أن زيادة زمن الامتصاص لا يؤثر على السعة الامتصاصية للمواد المدروسة بوجود نوعي النفط ذي اللزوجة المنخفضة و المتوسطة (LV و MV)، بينما ازدادت السعة الامتصاصية لهذه المواد عند زيادة زمن الامتصاص إلى 30 دقيقة بوجود الفيول HV. تجاوزت القدرة الامتصاصية للطحلب Enteromorpha القدرة الامتصاصية للطحالب البحرية الأخرى، بينما سجلت رقائق البولي بروبلين أعلى سعة امتصاصية. ازدادت السعة الامتصاصية للمواد المدروسة بشكل عام مع ازدياد لزوجة النفط. تشابهت السعات الامتصاصية للمواد المدروسة بوجود النفط فقط مع السعات الامتصاصية لهذه المواد بوجود النفط و الماء. تبين هذه النتائج إمكانية استبدال المواد المصنعة المستخدمة لإزالة النفط من الأوساط البحرية باستخدام الطحالب البحرية كونها ذات سعة امتصاصية عالية نسبياً.
The aim of this study is to highlight the potential use of marine algae as well as polypropylene for the removal of crude oil from surface seawater. The determination of optimal sorption time and sorption capacity of the materials in oil/water bath and oil bath without water in presence of three oils of different viscosity were investigated. The capacity of oil removal from seawater was related to structure and surface properties as well as oil amount and oil properties especially, its viscosity. The results revealed that the extension of absorption time does not influence absorption capacity of the examined sorbents in presence of both oils of low and middle viscosity (LV and MV). Nevertheless, the sorption capacity was increased by extending the absorption time to 30 min. For high viscose oil (HV). The sorption capabilities of Enteromorpha exceeded those observed for all of the other algae, while polypropylene fiber showed the highest capacity. Overall, the sorption capacity of the studied sorbents increased with increasing oil viscosity. The absorption capacities of studied materials in the oil bath and oil/water bath were comparable. The results suggested that substitution of synthetic oil sorbents used in Syria by marine algae is possible in oil removal, which have relatively high sorption capacity.
References used
AISIEN, F.A.; HYMORE, F.K.; EBEWELE, R.O. Potential application of recycled rubber in oil pollution control. Environmental Monitoring and assessment, Nigeria, 2002, 85: 175-190
ANNUNCIADO, T.R., SYDENSTRICKER, T.H.D.; AMICO, S.C. Experimental investigation of various vegetable fibers as sorbent materials for oil spills. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2005, 50, 1340–1346
BANERJEE, S.S.; JOSHI, M.V.; JAYARAM, R.V. Treatment of oil spill by sorption technique using fatty acid grafted sawdust. Chemosphere, 2006, 64, pp. 1026-1031
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We screening for antimicrobial substances production from marine algae of
Syria. We presented results of ١٦ algal species tested by their lipide and
aqueous extracts agaimst Gram’s negative and positive bacteria, as well as one
fungous species.
T
he lipide not aqueous extracts were the active against Gram’s positive
bacteria especially.
No effect founded on the fongous species. In addition we make comparative
viewing with other studies on other mediterranean contries regarding the same
species of algae tested.
The study focused in this research to determine the trace of some heavy metal
elements (Copper Cu, Cadmium Cd, Lead Pb) in some types of marine macroalgae
scattered on the shore of the city of Banias during 2014, using atomic absorption
spectrosco
py (technology flame Flame- AAS).
The results indicate that the concentrationsofeach of Copper, Cadmium and Lead
have a link with macroalgae types, sampling sites from direction, and Source of pollution
on the other hand; it was observed that the accumulation of heavy metals in both of
Sargassum vulgare (browen algae) and Enteromorpha linza (green algae) was more than
red algae.
Copper concentration ranged between 1.291 ppm and 11.716 ppm in the studied
species, Reaching the highest value in the Enteromorpha linzaalgae and the lowest in
Sargassum vulgarealgae, the highest value of Lead element was (59.354 ppm) in
Enteromorpha linzaand the lowest value of it was (6.46 ppm) in Ulva fasciata, While the
highest values of the element Cadmium recorded (10.457 ppm) in Enteromorpha linza and
the lowest (0.666 ppm) in Ulva fasciata.
The changes in coefficient of distribution of lead and cupper has been studied in
system with two phases, liquid water contaminated with lead and copper-solid (natural
Phosphate of Syria) correlation of the following factors: Time of mixing phases,
size of the
developed steel ,change the values of PH ,concentration of elemental lead and
concentration of element capper ,the concentration of calcium as a competitor to the
occupation of sites available on the solid phase, the ratio V\m presents the water phase size
on the mass of phase ,the Percentage removal of lead from aqueous samples prepared in
the laboratory91,57-99,95% were the best conditions for a vast proportion removed can be
summarized as follows:
PH=[6,63-10,11], Time of mixing phases =60 minutes and V/m=1000.
The Percentage removal of copper from aqueous samples prepared in the
laboratory 95,27 -99,96 % were the best conditions for a vast proportion removed can be
summarized as follows:
PH= [7,89-11,01] , Time of mixing phases =60 minutes and V/m=1000.
Ideal conditions have been applied that were obtained according to laboratory tests
on water samples from industrial input to Banias refinery and water samples from
industrial drainage to Syrian company for oil transport after Removal for lead was(
100%,99 %). Removal for copper was( 100%,98 %) .
The biological role of chitosan which was prepared by chemical method from
shrimp waste Penaeus semisulcatus and the outer skeleton for marine crab Portunus
pelagicus in some industrial and agricultural applications were studied. The
concentration
of prepared chitosan was 1% (w/v) at pH (4 and 8) for 12 hours in
precipitation and chelating heavy metals (Lead, Zinc, Iron, Cupper and Cadmium)
from of sewage water. Concentration of elements was measured by Flame Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer ) FAAS). The results of the study indicated that the
concentration of the water elements was high before treated with chitosan. The
results showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in element concentration percentage
after treated with crab chitosan. In contrast, shrimp chitosan displayed a minimum
effect on decreasing the amount of heavy metals. Moreover, the results showed that
the higher percentage for mineral adsorption was at pH (4 as compared with 8).
The results confirmed the possibility of using chitosan in chelate and precipitate the
mineral ions from polluted water.
This study aims to use the ash formed from the burning of firewood and the different
pruning residues to remove the hardness of water
Soda ash was characterized using different techniques, including XRD,flame
spectroscopy , volume titration and ot
hers.
These methods aim to determine the composition of the ash and the components
which are contributing to the removal process.
The optimum mixing time was determined using certain amount of soda ash to the
hard water and the water hardness was determined in the rang of time (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and
5h) where the ideal time was 3 hours.
The removal ratios were determined when the mixing time of the two phases was 3
h, and adding directly the following quantities of ash (0.5,1,2,3,5,7,10,15,20,25) g to 200
ml of highly hardened water. The removal rate was increased by increasing the amount of
added ash. The removal rate was approximately 50% when 1 g of ash was used and the
complete removal rate of 100% was achieved when the amount of ash was 25 g.
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