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Register a new userThe effect of squash flower pollination by honeybees on the increase of yield and quality improvement
تأثير تأبير نحل العسل لأزهار الكوسا في زيادة المحصول و تحسين نوعيته
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أجري هذا البحث في ربيع عام 2001 على صنفين من الكوسا: برنيل و مبروكة، في حقل منحل كلية الزراعة-جامعة دمشق-سورية، بهدف دراسة تأبير نحل العسل للأزهار، و تأثير ذلك في زيادة عقد الثمار، و من ثم على تكوين المحصول. تم تقدير نسبة الثمار العاقدة من جراء زيارة النحل و قورنت بالشاهد الذي عزل لمنع وصول النحل إليه، فكانت في صنف برنيل 93.84 % من الأزهار العاقدة في المعاملة مقابل 9.91 % فقط في الشاهد، و في صنف مبروكة 94.07 % في المعاملة مقابل 14.79 % في الشاهد. بينت الدراسة أهمية كثافة النحل في حقول الكوسا فعندما كان متوسط عدد زيارات نحل العسل 7 زيارات للزهرة الواحدة في الساعة كانت نسبة العقد في الأزهار 100 %، أما عندما انخفض متوسط عدد زيارات نحل العسل إلى زيارتين للزهرة الواحدة في الساعة فقد انخفضت نسبة العقد في الأزهار إلى 60%.
This study was conducted in the spring of 2001 in the apiary field at Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University - Syria, for the purpose of studying the effect of flower pollination by honeybees on fruit-set and consequently on the crop productivity of two varieties of squash, named : Berneel and Mabrukeh . The rate of set fruits resulting from the visits of honeybees was calculated and compared with the control, which was isolated to prevent bees reaching it. The result in Berneel variety was 93.84% of setting flowers in the experiment against 9.91% in the control. The results were in Mabrukeh variety 94.07% in the experiment, against 14.79% in the control. The study has assured the importance of the density of bees in squash fields. When the average of visits of honeybees to each flower was 7 visits per hour, the flower-set rate was 100%. However, when the average of visits of honeybees has declined to only 2 visits per flower per hour, the rate of set has also declined to 60%.
References used
Alderz, W. C. (1966). Honey Bee Visit Number and Watermelon Pollination. Jour. Econ. Ent. 59:28-30
Baker, H. G. and Hurd, P. D. JR. (1968). Intrafloral Ecology. Ann. Rev. Ent. 13
Burgett, M. (1999. 1998). Pacific Northwestern Honey Bee Pollination Survey. Oregon Stat University. 10 pp
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repeated in the
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The effect of grafting cucumber (Hybrid Amir F1 and Potenza F1) on (TZ 148 F1)
rootstock on growth and production was studied. The experiment contained 4 treatments
(ungrafted Amir F1 and Potenza F1, and grafted ones on Cucurbita hybrid).
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superior to other treatments in leaf area (15368.79 cm2.plant-1) and total production (21.58
kg .m-2). Grafting cucumber (Potenza F1) on (TZ148 F1) leaded to a significant decrease in
each of plant height (113.25 cm), number of secondary branches (7.5 branch . plant-1),
number of female flowers (94.13 flower . plant-1), number of fruits (38.13 fruit . plant-1)
and total production (14.61 kg .m-2). The earliness in grafted cucumber (Amir F1 and
Potenza F1) on (TZ 148 F1) (0.19 and 0.28 kg .m-2 respectively) was significantly
decreased compared to ungrafted plants (0.43 and 0.54 kg .m-2 respectively). Grafting on
(TZ 148 F1) didn't affected the fruit qualitative characteristics.
This study was conducted at the vegetable field of department of
horticulture and landscape design, college of agriculture and forestry ,Mosul
university, during spring of 2007 and 2008, to study the effect of times and
levels of nitrogen fertiliz
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fertilization at the stage of fruit-set caused a significant increased in the leaf
number /plant ,length of the plant and the fresh weight/plant. While the time of
nitrogen fertilization wasn't affected significantly the total yield. The level at
320 kg.N/ha caused a significant increase of the characters vegetative growth
and total yield. Also result revealed that, the interaction between the stage at
fruit set and nitrogen fertilization at 320 kg.N/ha led to increase the total yield
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dry weights of plant, leaf area, fruit weight, male and female flowers, and the
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without ground covering). The completely randomized design was used with three
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increase in female flowers, the ratio of female flowers to the total flowers, fruit number,
and plant production. The results also showed a strong positive correlation between the
plant production and the number of female flowers (r=0.999), the number of fruit per plant
(r=0.999), the ratio of female flowers to the total flowers (r=0.990) and the total number of
flowers (0.995). The correlation with male flowers was however negative (r=-0.954).
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