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Register a new userThe Effect of Plastic Mulch and Low Tunnels on Early Production of Squash (Cucurbitapepo L.)
أثر التغطية الأرضية البلاستيكية و الأنفاق المنخفضة في الإنتاج المبكر لمحصول الكوسا Cucurbitapepo .L
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2014
fields
Groves
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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نفذ البحث في مشتل جامعة تشرين على الهجين Nancy F1 من الكوسا في العروة الربيعية للموسم الزراعي 2013 لدراسة أثر التغطية الأرضية و الأنفاق المنخفضة في الإنتاج المبكر لمحصول الكوسا. شملت الدراسة أربع معاملات تجريبية مكونة من : شاهد (بدون تغطية )، و ثلاث معاملات تغطية تضمنت تغطية أرضية بالبلاستيك الأسود ، و تغطية أرضية بالبلاستيك الأسود + نفق بلاستيكي منخفض ، و نفق بلاستيكي منخفض من دون تغطية أرضية. اعتمد تصميم العشوائية الكاملة بثلاثة مكررات للمعاملة الواحدة ، و بمعدل 10 نباتات في المكرر. أظهرت النتائج أن التغطية بالأنفاق البلاستيكية المنخفضة تفوقت على باقي المعاملات و أدت إلى زيادة واضحة في عدد الأزهار المؤنثة ، نسبة الأزهار المؤنثة /الكلية ، عدد الثمار على النبات، إنتاج النبات و إنتاجية وحدة المساحة. كما أشارت النتائج إلى وجود علاقة ارتباط إيجابية قوية بين إنتاج النبات و كل من عدد الأزهار المؤنثة (r=0.999)، و عدد الثمار على النبات (r=0.999)، و نسبة الأزهار المؤنثة / الكلية (r=0.990)، و عدد الأزهار الكلية (r=0.995)، بينما كانت العلاقة سلبية مع عدد الأزهار المذكرة (r=-0.954).
The research was conducted on hybrid Squash (Nancy F1) at Tishreen University in the growing season of spring 2013 in order to study the effect of ground covering and low tunnels on the early production of squash. The study consisted of four experimental treatments: the control (without covering) and three covering treatments (ground covering using black mulch, ground covering with a low plastic tunnel, and a low plastic tunnel without ground covering). The completely randomized design was used with three replications per treatment and ten plants per replication. The results showed that the covering with a low plastic tunnel was superior to other treatments, resulting in a clear increase in female flowers, the ratio of female flowers to the total flowers, fruit number, and plant production. The results also showed a strong positive correlation between the plant production and the number of female flowers (r=0.999), the number of fruit per plant (r=0.999), the ratio of female flowers to the total flowers (r=0.990) and the total number of flowers (0.995). The correlation with male flowers was however negative (r=-0.954).
References used
ABDUL-BAKI, A., SPENCE, C. AND HOOVER ,R. Black polyethylene mulch doubled yield of fresh-market field tomatoes. HortScience. 1992, 27:787-789
BHELLA,H.S. AND KWOLEK, W.F. The effects of trickle irrigation and plastic on zucchini. HortSience, 1984, 19:410-411
CORREIA, P. J.AND MARTINS-LOUÇÃO, M. A. Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilisation on vegetative growth and flowering of mature carob trees (Ceratonia siliqua): variations in leaf area index and water use indices. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2004, 44( 1): 83 – 89
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Tunnels are usually considered as important and costly constructions and
therefore it is very necessary to estimate their performance and analyze
their structural behavior to maintain their safety in order to ensure their
reliability and performan
ce during their hypothetical life.
In this issue we reviewed the situation of Syrian railway tunnels on Aleppo –
Lattakia axis from the field observations which show that these tunnel
linings are cracked.
The numerical method, which is known as Distinct Element Method, was
used in the analysis of cracked lining. This method performs modeling of
discontinuous systems. We focused in this study on the concrete type
through elasticity modulus and lining thickness. The result analysis shows
that the effects of cracks modify the distribution of stresses and
displacements in the lining. This modification is related to concrete elasticity
modulus and mechanical crack characteristics.
This study was conducted at Research Altyba station where belongs
GCSAR during 2007-2008. by using nine parental lines and their 36 F1 hybrids,
were obtained from 9x9 half diallel design. The study included stem, earliness
and yield component char
acters, in order to estimate of hetrerosis compare to
the mid parents, the better parent and to the standard hybrid, and determine
the superior hybrids advantage to invest in agricultural production and benefit
from as well as in breeding program development yield of squash.
Heterosis over mid parent was evident in all yield components, The hybrid
(IL3XIL6) exhibited (16.89 ، 57.57%) respectively for the ratio pistilate flower
% and fruit number per plant, negative heterobeltiosis (-13.71%) was recorded
by the hybrid (IL3XIL8)for the number of nodes to first flower, While the
hybrid (IL3XIL5) showed maximum positive and significant heterobeltiosis
(13.06 %) for ratio pistilate flower%, and the hybrid (IL3XIL6) for fruit
number per plant (59.47 %) Whereas the results showed that, four hybrids had
positive and high significant standard heterosis for plant yield, the hybrid
(IL6xIL7) and (IL3XIL6) had maximum value (32.38, 28.68% ) respectively
This study was conducted at the vegetable field of department of
horticulture and landscape design, college of agriculture and forestry ,Mosul
university, during spring of 2007 and 2008, to study the effect of times and
levels of nitrogen fertiliz
ation on some characters vegetative growth, flowering
,and yield of summer squash .Result indicated that, the time of nitrogen
fertilization at the stage of fruit-set caused a significant increased in the leaf
number /plant ,length of the plant and the fresh weight/plant. While the time of
nitrogen fertilization wasn't affected significantly the total yield. The level at
320 kg.N/ha caused a significant increase of the characters vegetative growth
and total yield. Also result revealed that, the interaction between the stage at
fruit set and nitrogen fertilization at 320 kg.N/ha led to increase the total yield
.The yield was found to positively correlation with the plant length ,fresh and
dry weights of plant, leaf area, fruit weight, male and female flowers, and the
sex ratio.
In this research, nine inbreed lines of squash (Cucurbita pepo, L) have been
studied during 2007-2008 seasons. The study contains plant phonological
phases, and the most important morphological and productivity characteristics
related to fruit yie
ld to evaluate the characteristics of every line and identify the
economical lines to use it in the breeding programs. The study showed genetic
variation between the groups for some important economic characteristics as
(the number of fruits per plant, percentage of female flowers, yield per plant,
stem long and number of nodes till the first female flower). The study also
showed that the inbreed lines of squash is a rich source of variation and can be
use in a breeding program to product squash hybrid. The results appeared also
the positive correlation between the productivity and some important economic
characteristics, such as percentage of female flowers (r=0.871**), the number of
fruits per plant (r=0.976**). Whereas negative correlation with the nodes till he
first female flower (r=- 0.494) and internodes long (r=- 0.447). Using cluster
analysis, the inbreed lines were classified into 2 distinct classes A and B, Class
A contained seven inbreed wreathe class B contained Tow inbreed lines.
Allelopathy uses, as target plants, the cultivated species that are sometimes considered useful for comparative analysis, but do not naturally co-exist with the donor species (Reigosa et al., 2013) . Therefore, the weed common purslane (portulaca ole
racea) (Portulacaceae) was selected as a target in addition to alfalfa (Medicago sativa) (Fabaceae) to compare with it. Two worldwide distribution weeds: sterile oat (Avena sterilis), and Aleppo grass (Sorghum halepense) (Poaceae) were chosen as donor plants, Water extracts of donor plants were prepared, 2%,4%,8% concentrations were used and distilled water was used for control. Seed germination and early seedling growth of target plants were studied in petri dishes. Lengths of seedlings were measured, after that, following indicators were calculated: Relative seed germination (RSG), relative elongation ratio of Shoot (RERs) and root (RERr), Inhibition percentage of germination, shoot and root length (I), and root/shoot ratio. Means and standard deviation were calculated and means were statically analyzed with one – way ANOVA, LSD test was chosen to compare differences between treatment means at a probability levels (0.01, 0.05). The result showed that extracts had greater effects on seedling growth rather than on germination and all measurements were affected, extracts had inhibition effects on root length of the two tested species, shoot length of alfalfa, but a stimulation effect on shoot length of common purslane. All root / shoot ratios were significant in all treatments of common purslane, and alfalfa treated with Aleppo grass only, while the seed germination differences were generally non – significant, Aleppo grass extracts were more effective than that of sterile oat, and the effect generally increased by increasing concentration.
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