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Register a new userThe influence of Radiostimulation on Morphological and Yield components of two different Durum wheat varieties
تأثير التحريض الإشعاعي في الصفات الشكلية و مكونات الغلة في صنفين (شام 3، حوراني) من القمح القاسي (Triticum durum)
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نفذت هذه الدراسة في كلية الهندسة الزراعية بجامعة دمشق خلال العام 2001 - 2002, بهدف تقييم تأثير التحريض الإشعاعي في بذور صنفين من القمح القاسي (شام 3 ، حوراني)، و بخاصة الصفات الشكلية و مكونات الغلة، و ذلك باستخدام ثلاث جرعات من أشعة غاما (20 ،15 ،10 غري). بينت الدراسة وجود فروق معنوية في تأثير الجرعات، حيث لوحظ وجود تراجع معنوي في نمو النباتات و تطورها، و مكونات الغلة عند الجرعات المرتفعة ( 20 ،15 غري).
This experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University (2001 – 2002), to assess the effect of radiostimulation of seeds of two durum wheat varieties (Hourani and Cham 3) on some morphological traits and yield components, by using three doses of gamma rays (10, 15, and 20 GY). The study showed significant differences among radiation doses. The high doses (15, 20 GY) caused a significant deterioration in growth and development of plants, as well as yield components of the two varieties.
References used
Al-Oudat, M. (1989). The effect of presowing gamma irradiation of seeds on growth, development, and yield of maize grown in Syria Arab Republic. Radiobiology Vol. 29.No.6P.842-845
Al-Oudat, M. (1987). The influence of preirradiation of seeds on growth development and yield of barley and Wheat plants grown in Syria Arab republic. Radiobiology 27: P.181-185
Al-Oudat, M. (1990). Effect of presowing gamma irradiation of seeds on the yield and sweetness of sugar beet grown in Syrian Arab Republic. Radiobiology Vol. 30,5P.661-664
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Five improved genotypes of durum wheat (T. turgidum var. durum) (Lahn,
Cham1, Gezira17, Bouhouth 5, and Acsad 65) were planted under the
conditions of the agricultural region (Bouka) of the Faculty of Agriculture-
Tishreen University during the ag
ricultural year 2002-2003, with a split-plot
arrangement to study the effects of flag leaf removal on grain yield and its
components.The genotypes differed significantly in flag leaf area, stomatal
frequency, yield parameters and protein content.
Flag leaf removal significantly reduced plant height, number of spikelets/
spike, number of grains/ spike, 1000 kernels weight and grain yield, while grain
protein content significantly increased.
There was a positive correlation between the flag leaf area and 1000-
kernels weight and grain yield, but protein content was negatively correlated
with grain yield.
Six durum cultivars were compared in relation to germination percentage,
mean germination time, and germination “Catch up” from stress under
different soil moisture contents in the labs. Both soil moisture and cultivars
have shown effects on the s
tudied parameters. Increasing moisture tension had
caused a significant reduction in the germination percentage. The cultivars
differed in their germination. Haurani 27 and Cham3 showed a higher
germination potential and their germination times were shorter than the two
varieties Bohouth 5 and Cham1. The varieties Lahn and Senator Capelli were
intermediate among the other examined cultivars.
This research was conducted to determine the most responsive phenological
stage for supplementary irrigation of the durum wheat in a primary stationary
region.
It consisted of six different water treatments in addition to control (non
irrigated)
:
1-From planting to seedling emergence; 2-From planting to tillering; 3-From
planting to booting; 4-From planting to flowering; 5-From planting to the end of
the milk stage; 6–Sowing irrigation and irrigation according to necessity
throughout the milk stage.
The study has been repeated in four blocks for three seasons from 2002 to
2005. The results of the first two seasons showed that the:
The treatment from planting to booting, was canceled because of the rain and
soil dampness during this growth period. A significant increase in production,
water use efficiency, and one 1000 kernel weight, of both 5th and 6th treatments was
noticed in comparison with other treatments and the control. Results of the three
seasons were varied due to the environmental variation in temperature and amount
of rainfall.
At Tishreen University in the Faculty of Agriculture a study was performed during
the year(2014-2015),The experiment aimd to demonstrate the effect of increasing
concentrations of both sodium chloride(0,10,15,20 dsm-1) and gibberellic acid(0,25,75,
100
mg/l) and their interaction on some yield components of weat (SHAM10).The experiment
was designed as Completely Randomized Design(CRD)by three replicates(3x4x4).Data
were statistically analyzed to find out the least significal differences (LSD)between
treatment at(0,05)level.Results indicated that increasing of sodium chloride concentration
caused significant decreases in yield components(biological
yield,spikelength,numberofspikelets/spike,number of grains/spike,weight of1000 grain and
grains yield/pot.The treatment with GA3 acid especially (75)mg/l indicated significant
increases in all averages of yield components.Results of interacions for both factors
indicated that foliar aplication of GA3 acid counteracted that advers effects of high
concentrations of sodium chlorde of yield components of the (SHAM10).
This study was carried out at Karahta Station, Dept. of Field Crops
Researches, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(GCSAR) Damascus, Syria, during the growing seasons (2009-2010, 2010-2011).
The crosses were grown inatrial us
ing randomized complete block design
(RCBD) with three replicates in order to evaluate number of spikes per plant,
number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain yield per plant
and estimate some genetic indices: broad scenes heritability (BSH), narrow
scenes heritability (NSH), and genetic advance (GA). Seeds of five populations
of the three evaluated single hybrids were formed by crossing of five inbred
lines. Analysis of variance results showed significant differences among mean
values of the five populations of each cross for all studied traits. The results
revealed that the broad scenes heritability ranged between high and moderate
for the following productivity traits (SP/PL, GR/SP, TKW and GY/P) and it
was (75, 40, 57) (38, 80, 38) (74, 60, 85) and (73, 73, 71) for the three crosses,
respectively. Additive gene action noticed on most traits indicated less selection
cycles to improve these traits.
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