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Register a new userImpact of Supplementary Irrigation on production of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L.) in Quneitra Governorate
أثر الري التكميلي في إنتاجية القمح القاسي (.L durum Triticum) في محافظة القنيطرة
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أجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد الطور الفينولوجي الأكثر استجابة للري التكميلي للقمح القاسي فـي منطقـة الاستقرار الأولى، حيث تضمنت ست معاملات مياه مختلفة فضلاً عن الشاهد المطري و هي: 1 - من الزراعة و حتى اكتمال الإنبات، 2 - من الزراعة و حتى الإشطاء، 3 - مـن الزراعـة و حتى بـدء الإسبال (الحبل)، 4 - من الزراعة و حتى الإزهار، 5 - من الزراعة و حتى انتهاء الطور اللبني، 6 - رية إنبـات + ري خلال الطور اللبني. و كررت التجربة في أربعة قطاعات مدة ثلاثة مواسم من 2002 إلى 2005 كانـت نتـائج أول موسـمين كالآتي: أ- استبعدت المعاملة 3 بسبب هطول الأمطار و توافر الرطوبة في التربة خلال تلك المرحلة من حياة النبات. ب– تفوقت كل من المعاملتين 5 و 6 معنوياً على باقي المعاملات و الشاهد المطري، من حيث المـردود و وزن الألف حبة و كفاءة استخدام المياه. – أعطت المعاملتان 5 ، 6 أعلى نسبة من الأرباح مقارنة مع باقي المعاملات، فـي حـين كـان الشـاهد المطري خاسراً. – كانت النتائج متباينة ما بين المواسم و ذلك لتباين الظروف البيئية من حرارة و أمطار خلال هذه المواسم و تأثيرها في محصول القمح.
This research was conducted to determine the most responsive phenological stage for supplementary irrigation of the durum wheat in a primary stationary region. It consisted of six different water treatments in addition to control (non irrigated) : 1-From planting to seedling emergence; 2-From planting to tillering; 3-From planting to booting; 4-From planting to flowering; 5-From planting to the end of the milk stage; 6–Sowing irrigation and irrigation according to necessity throughout the milk stage. The study has been repeated in four blocks for three seasons from 2002 to 2005. The results of the first two seasons showed that the: The treatment from planting to booting, was canceled because of the rain and soil dampness during this growth period. A significant increase in production, water use efficiency, and one 1000 kernel weight, of both 5th and 6th treatments was noticed in comparison with other treatments and the control. Results of the three seasons were varied due to the environmental variation in temperature and amount of rainfall.
References used
Broner, I . and Schneekloth, J. (1988). Seasonal Water Need and Opportunities for Limited Colorado Crops "Colorado Irrigation Guide". no.4.718. Colorado State Univercity,Cooperative Extension. 4/03
Day, A. D. and Intalap, S. (1970). Some effects of soil moisture stress on growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell). Agron. J. 62, 27-29. Montana State University Communications Services
Fowler, D. B. (2002). "Growth Stages of wheat , winter cereal production". chapter 10, crop development centre, University of skatckhewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Six durum cultivars were compared in relation to germination percentage,
mean germination time, and germination “Catch up” from stress under
different soil moisture contents in the labs. Both soil moisture and cultivars
have shown effects on the s
tudied parameters. Increasing moisture tension had
caused a significant reduction in the germination percentage. The cultivars
differed in their germination. Haurani 27 and Cham3 showed a higher
germination potential and their germination times were shorter than the two
varieties Bohouth 5 and Cham1. The varieties Lahn and Senator Capelli were
intermediate among the other examined cultivars.
This research was conducted at Tal Shnan village, located at the eastern of Homs
city, Syria during 2012/ 2013 growing season, using hard local wheat cultivar,
Sham 5, to study the effect of seed rates (120, 150, 180, 210 kg/ha), spray with
differ
ent parts of sorghum water extracts using different, and weeding on wheat
yield and weeds accompany with the crop.
The research study was conducted in Hama Governorate during the
agricultural season of 2010 - 2011 through a stratified random sample of 201
farmers who cultivate irrigated durum wheat in the research area in order to
measure the yield gap, the pr
oductive efficiency divergence among farmers and
to determine the effect of using different amounts of the productive factors in
the production process. It also aimed to determine the contribution level of
these factors in the gap formation, as well as to determine the production phase
in which farmers of the sample stand. Descriptive analysis methodology in
addition to the multiple regression technique were used to estimate production
functions. Results showed a yield gap up to 32.6% between farmers in the first
phase and those who are in the fourth phase. The reason why productivity in
large size farms was higher than in small size farms that the second production
stage, the profitable one occurred in large size farms, while the first production
phase occurred in small economic capacity farms. So, another combination of
the production inputs can be used in order to reach a marginal product value
which equals the price value and to increase the production level plus the
productivity of the farmers in the research area.
This study was carried out at Karahta Station of Field Crop
Research, General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Researches
during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 cropping seasons in order to determine the
phenotypic correlation coefficient between the traits and the path coefficients
analysis for the most affected traits in grain yield.
The main objective was to study the economic efficiency of Durum wheat in
AL-Hassaka governorate during the growing season of 2010/2011 through a
stratified random sample included 119 farmers distributed in 10% of the target
villages. The results
showed that Duma 1 variety had achieved the highest
proportion in relation to the rate of adoptions and the highest adoption rate
compared with other varieties cultivated with irrigated Durum wheat in ALHassaka
governorate. Sham 3 variety had also the highest adoption rate
(47.47%) and widely distributed compared with other varieties Durum wheat
cultivated as a rain fed crop. The results also showed that the net return of
irrigated Durum wheat was in AL-malkia and amounted to 1653.17 Syrian
Liras/ Dunum while losing -261.50 Syrian Liras per Donum in AL-kamshli.
Duma 1 variety reached the highest net return (2443.58 Syrian Liras per
Donum) of irrigated Durum wheat. The net return of rain fed Durum wheat
was observed in AL-Malkia and amounted to 792.92 Syrian Liras per Donum
while losing -158.18 Syrian Liras per Donum in AL-kamshli. Sham 7 variety
had the highest net return of rain fed Durum wheat and amounted to 1847.48
Syrian Liras per Donum.
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