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The impact of time and depth of adding phosphorus on it's availability in calcareous soil

تأثير زمن إضافة الفوسفور و عمقه في إتاحته في تربة كلسية

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 Publication date 2013
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This study was conducted at the farm of agriculture college (Abu Jarash), Damascus university to determine the impact of time and depth of adding phosphorus on it's availability in calcareous soil cultivated with corn during 2011 and 2012 seasons. Super phosphorus fertilizer was added to the soil at three different depths (0, 10 and 20 cm), while the control spot left without fertilizer addition. Soil samples were taken for analysis of available phosphorus (P) from 12 replicates at different depths 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40 cm with two samples for every depth at zero time, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days during the growing corn. Results indicated that the available phosphorus increased directly in all samples after cultivation, with a marked value recorded at all depths after 15 days of cultivation. This concentration began decreasing gradually with a constant rate in time in all transactions and reached 50% after 90 days of cultivation. It was also observed that available phosphorus was higher at the two depths, 0-10 and 10-20 cm and after 15 days of post- corn cultivation and followed by zero time and it was found that the best concentration was observed at depth extended from 0 to 20 cm in the treatment of adding fertilizer at depth of 10 cm and time of sampling was 15 days of cultivation.


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Research summary
تُعنى هذه الدراسة بتحديد تأثير زمن إضافة الفوسفور وعمق إضافته على إتاحته في تربة كلسية مزروعة بالذرة الصفراء. أُجريت التجربة في مزرعة كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق خلال موسمي 2011 و2012. تمت إضافة سماد السوبر فوسفات إلى التربة على ثلاثة أعماق مختلفة (0 سم، 10 سم، و20 سم)، بينما تُركت قطعة الشاهد دون إضافة. تم جمع عينات التربة لتحليل الفوسفور المتاح من 12 مكرراً على أعماق مختلفة (0-10 سم، 10-20 سم، 20-30 سم، 30-40 سم) في أزمنة مختلفة (صفر، 15، 30، 45، 60، و90 يوماً من الزراعة). أظهرت النتائج زيادة في تركيز الفوسفور المتاح بعد الزراعة مباشرةً، مع زيادة ملحوظة بعد 15 يوماً، ثم تناقص تدريجي بمعدل ثابت حتى بلغ النصف بعد 90 يوماً. كان تركيز الفوسفور المتاح أعلى في الأعماق 0-10 سم و10-20 سم، وأفضل تركيز كان عند العمق 0-20 سم في معاملة التسميد على عمق 10 سم وزمن الاعتيان بعد 15 يوماً من الزراعة.
Critical review
تُعد هذه الدراسة مهمة لفهم كيفية تحسين إتاحة الفوسفور في الترب الكلسية، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير العوامل البيئية الأخرى مثل درجة الحرارة والرطوبة على إتاحة الفوسفور. ثانياً، كان من الممكن توسيع الدراسة لتشمل أنواع أخرى من المحاصيل لمعرفة ما إذا كانت النتائج متسقة. ثالثاً، لم يتم مناقشة الآثار الاقتصادية لتطبيق هذه النتائج على نطاق واسع. على الرغم من هذه النقاط، فإن الدراسة تقدم إسهاماً مهماً في مجال خصوبة التربة وإدارة المغذيات.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي هو دراسة تأثير زمن وعمق إضافة الفوسفور على إتاحته في تربة كلسية مزروعة بالذرة الصفراء.

  2. ما هي الأعماق التي تم إضافة السماد إليها في التجربة؟

    تم إضافة السماد إلى التربة على ثلاثة أعماق: 0 سم، 10 سم، و20 سم.

  3. ما هي النتائج الرئيسية التي توصلت إليها الدراسة؟

    أظهرت النتائج زيادة في تركيز الفوسفور المتاح بعد الزراعة مباشرةً، مع زيادة ملحوظة بعد 15 يوماً، ثم تناقص تدريجي بمعدل ثابت حتى بلغ النصف بعد 90 يوماً.

  4. ما هو أفضل عمق وزمن لإضافة الفوسفور حسب الدراسة؟

    أفضل عمق لإضافة الفوسفور هو 10 سم وأفضل زمن هو بعد 15 يوماً من الزراعة.


References used
Akinremi, O. O. 1991. Phosphate and accompanying cation transport in a calcareous cation exchange resin system. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55:959 - 964
Bell, L. C. and C. A. Black. 1970. Transformation of dibasic calcium phosphate dehydrate and octacalcium phosphate in slightly acid and alkaline soils. Soil science society of America proceedings 34:583– 587
Campbell, G. P., V. Lafond. O. Biederbeck, and G. E. Winkleman. 1993. Influence of legumes and fertilization on deep distribution of available phosphorus (olsen–p) in soil. Can. J. Soil Sci., 73:555 – 565
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