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Register a new userThe role of physical and chemical mutagens in developing quantitative and qualitative changes in the second generation of two verities of durum wheat
دور المطفرات الفيزيائية و الكيميائية في استحداث تغيرات كمية و نوعية في الجيل الطافر الثاني لصنفين من القمح القاسي
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نُفَّذ هذا البحث خلال الموسم الزراعي 2011 - 2012 في مزرعة أبي جرش بكليـة الزراعـة فـي جامعة دمشق، بهدف تقييم تأثير جرعات و تراكيز متباينة من المطفرات الفيزيائية و الكيميائية في بعـض الصفات الكمية و النوعية في الجيل الطافر الثاني (M2) لصنفين من القمح القاسي. بينت النتائج وجـود فروق معنوية (p > 05.0) بين الأصناف المدروسة و المعاملات و التفاعل المتبادل بينهما. تفوق الـصنف بحوث 9 بمتوسط عدد التغيرات الكلية (59.16 %) على الـصنف دومـا1 (29.13 %) و بلـغ مجمـوع التغيرات النوعية في الأصناف المدروسة 14 نوعاً من التغير، تناوبت و اختلفت فـي ظهورهـا بحـسب الجرعات و التراكيز المستخدمة من المطفرات. تفوق الصنف بحوث9 بمتوسط عدد و وزن الحبوب و وزن (54.38 ،7.06 ،174.31) 1دومـا الـصنف على، التوالي على (58.35 ،11.89 ،238.84) حبة الالف على التوالي في عدد الحبوب و وزنها و وزن الألف حبة.
This research was conducted at Abu Jerash farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University during 2011/2012 season to assess the effect of different doses and concentrations of physical and chemical mutagens on some quantitative and qualitative traits in the second generation (M2) of two varieties of durum wheat. Results showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the varieties, treatments and the mutual interactions. Bowhoth 9 was superior in the average of total number of changes (16.59%) compared with Doma1 (13.29%). The total number of qualitative changes in the varieties studied was 14 types of change, alternated and varied in appearance with the different doses and concentrations of mutagens used. Bowhoth9 was superior in the average of grain`s number (238.84), grains weight (11.89g) and the one thousand grain`s weight (58.35g) in comparison with the parallel counterparts of averages 174.31, 7.06g, 54.38g, respectively in Doma1.
References used
Berezina N. M and D. A. Kaushanski. 1989. Presowing irradiation of plant seeds Oxonion press. PVT.LTD New Delhi
Dubinin, N. P. 1986. Genetic science, Science, Pp:.291-296
Franckowiak, J. D. 2002. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70
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The response of barley variety Furat9 (tow-rowed), has been noted for three doses of
Gamma radiation (10, 15, and 20 Kr). The objective of the research, to evaluate and
characterize the quantitative and qualitative traits, to identify and calculate
the proportion
of the total and relative changes, to determine the best doses of Gamma rays, and to study
the relationship among the traits in the second generation.
This study was carried out at Karahta station of field crops research
department General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus Syria during the 2009 -2010 and 2010 -2011 growing
seasons to estimate gene action, p
otency ratios, heterosis and Inbreeding
depressions. Five population seeds of two single hybrids (Cham-5 × Azeghar-1),
(Bohoth-5 × Gidara-2) were formed by crossing of four inbred lines. The
crosses were subjected to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with
three replications in order to evaluate plant height (PH), number of grains per
spike (GRSP), flag leaf area (FLA), thousand kernel weight (TKY) and grain
(p<0.05) yield per plant (GYP). Mean square results showed significant
differences among mean values of the five populations for all studied traits in
all crosses. Significant heterosis values compared to mid and better parent were
observed for all traits with exception of (PH) (5.82, 1.62)%, (GRSP) (27.49
9.66)% and(TKY) (3.05 7.53)% for Cross-1. (GYP) (82.46, 96.63)% for Cross-
2. (GRSP) (9.09 5.14)%. The potency ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and
crosses except (PH) (-2.23) for Cross-2. Indicating that over-dominance
towards low placement. The results indicated that Inbreeding depression values
were significant for all traits in Cross-1 except for (GRSP) (10.33), and (TKY)
(15.23). While its values were non- significant for all traits inCross-2except
(GRSP) (25.46*). In most traits epestasis or dominant gene action occupied the
first rank in controlling these traits in both crosses. It could be suggested that
selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively
more effective than in early generations.
This study was carried out at Karahta station, Department of Field Ccrops
researches, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(GCSAR), Damascus Country Side, Syria during the 2009-2010and 2010-2011
growing seasons to estimate gene
action for grain yield and its components.
Seeds of the durum wheat hybrid (Sham5 X Azgar1) were grown in three
replicates. Results indicated that the used genotypes had good variation to be
used as parents in wheat hybridization program to achieve significant genetic
advance. Mean square results showed significant differences among mean
values of the five populations for all studied traits in the hybrid and in most
traits, epistasis or dominance gene action occupied the first rank to the genetic
effects. It was suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent
generations is relatively more effective than in early generations.
This paper Introduces a clear idea about marine and coastal
biodiversity of crustacean zooplankton and its quantitative and
qualitative monthly variations and its relationship with the changes
of some of the main environmental factors such as temperature,
salinity,dissolved oxygen, transparency and pH.
This experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus
University (2001 – 2002), to assess the effect of radiostimulation of seeds of two
durum wheat varieties (Hourani and Cham 3) on some morphological traits
and yield components,
by using three doses of gamma rays (10, 15, and 20 GY).
The study showed significant differences among radiation doses. The high
doses (15, 20 GY) caused a significant deterioration in growth and development
of plants, as well as yield components of the two varieties.
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