Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userInheritance of some quantitative characters in durum wheat
السلوك الوراثي لبعض صفات إنتاجية لدى هجينين من القمح القاسي
1410
1 16
0
(
0
)
Created by
Shamra Editor
Ask ChatGPT about the research
أجريت الدراسة في محطة بحوث قرحتا التابعة للهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية فـي دمـشق، سورية خلال المواسم الزراعية 2009-2010 و 2010- 2011 بهدف دراسـة طبيعـة الفعـل الـوراثي و درجة السيادة، و قوة الهجين و مقدار الانخفاض في التربية الداخلية. حصل على حبوب العشائر الخمـسة لهجينين (شام×5أزغار1 ، بحوث×5 جدارة2) انتخبا و نتجا عن التهجين بين أربعة آبـاء وزرعـت فـي تجربة بتصميم القطاعات كاملة العشوائية في ثلاثة مكررات بهدف تقييمها من حيث ارتفاع النبات (PH)، و عدد الحبوب/ سنبلة (GRSP) ، و مساحة ورقة العمل (FLA) ، و وزن الألـف حبـة (TKY) ، و الغلـة الحبية (GYP) . أظهرت نتائج تحليل التباين وجود فرق معنوي (p > 05.0) بين عـشائر كـل هجـين للصفات المدروسة كلها، و كانت قيم قوة الهجين موجبة و معنوية قياساً إلى متوسط الأبوين و الأب الأفـضل فـي (% 7.53،3.05) (TKY) ،%(9.66 ،27.49) (GRSP) ، %(1.62 ،5.82) (PH) صفات عدا ما الهجين الأول. و صفة (GYP) (46.82،63.96 %) في الهجين الثاني. كانت درجة السيادة أكبر مـن +1 لجميع الصفات المدروسة باستثناء صفة (PH) في الهجين الثاني (-23.2) ، ما يشير إلـى أن الـسيادة الفائقة تتجه نحو الأب المنخفض في هذه الصفة، و نحو الأب الأعلى في باقي الصفات. كما بينت النتـائج وجود تدهور معنوي في الهجين الأول لكل الصفات مـا عـدا صـفتي (GRSP) (33.10) ، و (TKY) (23.15) ، و تدهور غير معنوي في الهجين الثاني باسـتثناء صـفة (GRSP) (46.25) فـي الهجـين الثاني. حدد الفعل الوراثي التفوقي من النمط سيادي×سيادي (l) القيمة العليا في الهجينـين مـن حيـث الأهمية في التحكم بوراثة كافة الصفات المدروسة. ما يؤكد أن الانتخاب في الأجيـال المتـأخرة لأغلـب الصفات المدروسة يكون أكثر فعالية من الانتخاب في الأجيال المبكرة.
This study was carried out at Karahta station of field crops research department General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus Syria during the 2009 -2010 and 2010 -2011 growing seasons to estimate gene action, potency ratios, heterosis and Inbreeding depressions. Five population seeds of two single hybrids (Cham-5 × Azeghar-1), (Bohoth-5 × Gidara-2) were formed by crossing of four inbred lines. The crosses were subjected to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in order to evaluate plant height (PH), number of grains per spike (GRSP), flag leaf area (FLA), thousand kernel weight (TKY) and grain (p<0.05) yield per plant (GYP). Mean square results showed significant differences among mean values of the five populations for all studied traits in all crosses. Significant heterosis values compared to mid and better parent were observed for all traits with exception of (PH) (5.82, 1.62)%, (GRSP) (27.49 9.66)% and(TKY) (3.05 7.53)% for Cross-1. (GYP) (82.46, 96.63)% for Cross- 2. (GRSP) (9.09 5.14)%. The potency ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and crosses except (PH) (-2.23) for Cross-2. Indicating that over-dominance towards low placement. The results indicated that Inbreeding depression values were significant for all traits in Cross-1 except for (GRSP) (10.33), and (TKY) (15.23). While its values were non- significant for all traits inCross-2except (GRSP) (25.46*). In most traits epestasis or dominant gene action occupied the first rank in controlling these traits in both crosses. It could be suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively more effective than in early generations.
References used
Adams, M. W. 1967. Basis of yield components compensation in crop plants. Crop Sci. 7:505-510
Bnejdi, F. and M. EL-gazzah. 2010.Epistasis and genotype-by-environment interaction of grain yield related traits in durum wheat. J. Plant Breeding and Crop Sci., 2(2):024-029
Donald, C. M. and J. Hamblin. 1976. The biological yield and harvest index of cereals as agronomic and plant breeding criteria. Adv. Agro., 78: 361-405
rate research
Read More
This study was carried out at Karahta station, Department of Field Ccrops
researches, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(GCSAR), Damascus Country Side, Syria during the 2009-2010and 2010-2011
growing seasons to estimate gene
action for grain yield and its components.
Seeds of the durum wheat hybrid (Sham5 X Azgar1) were grown in three
replicates. Results indicated that the used genotypes had good variation to be
used as parents in wheat hybridization program to achieve significant genetic
advance. Mean square results showed significant differences among mean
values of the five populations for all studied traits in the hybrid and in most
traits, epistasis or dominance gene action occupied the first rank to the genetic
effects. It was suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent
generations is relatively more effective than in early generations.
During the three successive seasons of 2002, 2003, and 2004 six populations,
viz.,P1,P2,F1,F2,BC1, and BC2 of two single crosses of cotton (Aleppo40 x
Aleppo90) and (Aleppo33/1 x Line118) were established and evaluated to
explore heterosis, inbree
ding depression, heritability and genetic advance
under selection for reproductive branches number, number of bolls per plant,
boll weight, and ginning percentage. Significant positive heterotic effects were
found for all the studied traits in two crosses except ginning percentage (in the
second cross). Significant positive heterosis over mid-parent and higher parent
for yield components (number of bolls per plant and boll weight) may lead to a
positive heterosis for seed cotton yield/plant.
This study was carried out at Karahta Station of Field Crop
Research, General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Researches
during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 cropping seasons in order to determine the
phenotypic correlation coefficient between the traits and the path coefficients
analysis for the most affected traits in grain yield.
This research was conducted to determine the most responsive phenological
stage for supplementary irrigation of the durum wheat in a primary stationary
region.
It consisted of six different water treatments in addition to control (non
irrigated)
:
1-From planting to seedling emergence; 2-From planting to tillering; 3-From
planting to booting; 4-From planting to flowering; 5-From planting to the end of
the milk stage; 6–Sowing irrigation and irrigation according to necessity
throughout the milk stage.
The study has been repeated in four blocks for three seasons from 2002 to
2005. The results of the first two seasons showed that the:
The treatment from planting to booting, was canceled because of the rain and
soil dampness during this growth period. A significant increase in production,
water use efficiency, and one 1000 kernel weight, of both 5th and 6th treatments was
noticed in comparison with other treatments and the control. Results of the three
seasons were varied due to the environmental variation in temperature and amount
of rainfall.
This study was carried out through the cooperation between Faculty of
Agricultural Damascus University and General Commission of Agricultural
Scientific Researches in Karahta station of field crops researches during 2010-
2011 and 2011-2012 succes
sive seasons. Four hybrids of durum wheat namely
(Duma1*Sauady), (Buhuth9*Q88), (Sham7*Q130) and (Horaney*Q131) were
evaluated to estimate heritability, genetic advance, heterosis and inbreeding
depression for days to heading ,grain filing period, plant height, number of
spikes per plant, and number of grains per plant. The mean average for all
these traits revealed highly significant differences among crosses. Low in
protein content trait (23-69%), medium in grain yield per plant (38-70) and
high heritability in thousand kernel weight (62-81%) were found. All hybrids
showed the highest for both mid and better parents heterosis for protein
content and gluten traits. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic
advance for thousand kernel weight. Low heritability was coupled with low
genetic advance for grain yield per plant, protein content and gluten. However,
greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in some
traits provided that these parameters were under the control of additive genetic
effects. This indicates that selection should lead to fast genetic improvement of
the material. Moreover, the high genetic correlations for most of the traits,
suggested a strong inherent association among these traits at the genetic level.
Thus these traits deserve better attention in future breeding programs for
evolving better wheat in stress environments.
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
