This study was carried out at Karahta station of field crops research
department General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus Syria during the 2009 -2010 and 2010 -2011 growing
seasons to estimate gene action, p
otency ratios, heterosis and Inbreeding
depressions. Five population seeds of two single hybrids (Cham-5 × Azeghar-1),
(Bohoth-5 × Gidara-2) were formed by crossing of four inbred lines. The
crosses were subjected to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with
three replications in order to evaluate plant height (PH), number of grains per
spike (GRSP), flag leaf area (FLA), thousand kernel weight (TKY) and grain
(p<0.05) yield per plant (GYP). Mean square results showed significant
differences among mean values of the five populations for all studied traits in
all crosses. Significant heterosis values compared to mid and better parent were
observed for all traits with exception of (PH) (5.82, 1.62)%, (GRSP) (27.49
9.66)% and(TKY) (3.05 7.53)% for Cross-1. (GYP) (82.46, 96.63)% for Cross-
2. (GRSP) (9.09 5.14)%. The potency ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and
crosses except (PH) (-2.23) for Cross-2. Indicating that over-dominance
towards low placement. The results indicated that Inbreeding depression values
were significant for all traits in Cross-1 except for (GRSP) (10.33), and (TKY)
(15.23). While its values were non- significant for all traits inCross-2except
(GRSP) (25.46*). In most traits epestasis or dominant gene action occupied the
first rank in controlling these traits in both crosses. It could be suggested that
selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively
more effective than in early generations.
