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Register a new userThe effect of injection of GnRH or hCG during estrus cycle on ovarian follicular dynamics in Shami cattle
تأثير حقن GnRH أو hCG خلال دورة الشبق في ديناميكية الجريبات المبيضية للأبقار الشامية
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استخدمت 15 بقرة شامية في محطة بحوث دير الحجر لتحسين الأبقار الشامية عامي 2009 و 2010 لدراسة ديناميكية الجريبات المبيضية بعـد حقنهـا بـالهرمون المحـرر لحاثـات المناسـل (GnRH) hormone releasing gonadotropin أو هرمـون بـول المـرأة الحامـل chorionic human (hCG (gonadotropin في مرحلة نمو الجريب السائد في الموجة المبيضية الأولى (اليوم الخـامس من دورة الشبق). وزعت الأبقار عشوائياً إلى ثلاث مجموعات (5 أبقار فـي كـل مجموعـة)، تركـت المجموعة الأولى دون معاملة (الشاهد)، و حقنت أبقار المجموعتين 2 و 3 عضلياً في اليوم الخامس من دورة الشبق بـ GnRH) 8 ميكروغرام بوسيريلين Buserelin) ، و 3000 وحدة دولية مـن هرمـون hCG ،على التوالي. و فحصت المبايض يوميـاً عبـر المـستقيم باسـتخدام جهـاز راسـم الـصدى Ultrasound لتتبع نمو الجريبات المبيضية و الجسم الأصفر.
Fifteen Shami cows available in Dier-Al-Hajar Station for improving Shami Cattle were used during 2009-2010 to evaluate the ovarian response of cows for gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injected on day 5 of the estrus cycle during which dominant follicle is growing in the first follicular wave. Animals were divided randomly into three groups of five cows. Group 1 was left as a control and received no treatment while Groups 2 and 3 received on day 5 of the estrous cycle a single i.m. injection of 8 ?g of a GnRH agonist (Buserelin) and 3000 IU hCG, respectively. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography was performed daily to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and corpus luteum.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة تأثير حقن هرموني GnRH و hCG على ديناميكية الجريبات المبيضية في الأبقار الشامية. تم إجراء التجربة في محطة بحوث دير الحجر لتحسين الأبقار الشامية خلال عامي 2009 و2010، حيث استخدمت 15 بقرة شامية تم تقسيمها إلى ثلاث مجموعات. المجموعة الأولى تركت دون معاملة كمجموعة شاهد، بينما حقنت المجموعتان الثانية والثالثة بهرموني GnRH و hCG على التوالي في اليوم الخامس من دورة الشبق. أظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية في عدد الجريبات الصغيرة (2-5 مم) في المجموعتين المعالجتين بعد يوم واحد من الحقن مقارنة بالشاهد، بينما انخفض عدد الجريبات المتوسطة (5-9 مم) والكبيرة (≥ 9 مم) بعد يومين من الحقن. كما أظهرت النتائج أن حقن GnRH و hCG يؤدي إلى ظهور موجة مبيضية جديدة وحدوث الإباضة بعد 24-48 ساعة من الحقن. لم يتأثر قطر الجسم الأصغر الأصلي أو الثانوي بنوع المعاملة. توصي الدراسة بإجراء المزيد من الأبحاث لدراسة تأثير هذه الهرمونات على معدلات الحمل في الأبقار الشامية عند التلقيح الصناعي أو نقل الأجنة.
Critical review
تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة لفهم تأثير الهرمونات على ديناميكية الجريبات المبيضية في الأبقار الشامية، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الممكن زيادة حجم العينة لتحسين دقة النتائج. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق إلى الآثار الجانبية المحتملة لاستخدام هذه الهرمونات على المدى الطويل. ثالثاً، كان من الأفضل تضمين مجموعة إضافية من الأبقار التي تتلقى علاجاً بديلاً أو تكميلياً لمقارنة النتائج بشكل أكثر شمولية. وأخيراً، كان من المفيد توسيع نطاق الدراسة ليشمل أنواعاً أخرى من الأبقار لمقارنة تأثير الهرمونات بين السلالات المختلفة.
Questions related to the research
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ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الدراسة؟
الهدف الرئيسي هو دراسة تأثير حقن هرموني GnRH و hCG في اليوم الخامس من دورة الشبق على ديناميكية الجريبات المبيضية في الأبقار الشامية وإمكانية حدوث الإباضة.
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ما هي النتائج الرئيسية التي توصلت إليها الدراسة؟
أظهرت الدراسة أن حقن GnRH و hCG يؤدي إلى زيادة معنوية في عدد الجريبات الصغيرة وانخفاض في عدد الجريبات المتوسطة والكبيرة، كما يؤدي إلى ظهور موجة مبيضية جديدة وحدوث الإباضة بعد 24-48 ساعة من الحقن.
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ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة؟
توصي الدراسة بإجراء المزيد من الأبحاث لدراسة تأثير حقن هرموني GnRH و hCG على معدلات الحمل في الأبقار الشامية عند التلقيح الصناعي أو نقل الأجنة.
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ما هي النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها في الدراسة؟
يمكن تحسين الدراسة بزيادة حجم العينة، دراسة الآثار الجانبية المحتملة لاستخدام الهرمونات على المدى الطويل، تضمين مجموعة إضافية من الأبقار لتلقي علاج بديل أو تكميلي، وتوسيع نطاق الدراسة ليشمل أنواعاً أخرى من الأبقار لمقارنة تأثير الهرمونات بين السلالات المختلفة.
References used
Alvarez, P., L. J. Spicer, C. C. Chase, Jr., M. E. Payton, T. D. Hamilton, R. E. Stewart, A. C. Hammond, T. A. Olson and R. P. Wettemann. 2000. Ovarian and endocrine characteristics during an estrous cycle in Angus, Brahman, and Senepol cows in a subtropical environment. J. Anim. Sci. 78: 1291–1302
Amaya-Montoya, C., M. Matsui, C. Kawashima,K. G. Hayashi, G. Matsuda, E. Kaneko, K. Kida, A. Miyamoto and Y. I. Miyake. 2007. Induction of Ovulation with GnRH and PGF2α at Two Different Stages During the Early Postpartum Period in Dairy Cows: Ovarian Response and Changes in Hormone Concentrations. J. Reprod. Dev. 53 (4): 867–875
Atkins, J. A., D. C. Busch, J. F. Bader, D. H. Keisler, D. J. Patterson, M. C. Lucy and M. F. Smith. 2008. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced ovulation and luteinizing hormone release in beef heifers: Effect of day of the cycle. J. Anim. Sci. 86:83–93
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Twelve growing Shami heifers available in Dier-Al-Hajar Station for
improving Shami Cattle during 2005-2007 weighing 250±11 kg and 400±21
days old were used to monitore the growth of dynamic of ovarian follicles (daily
numbers, size, length and nu
mber of waves, rate of growth and regression) and
characteristics of estrus cycle (length, time of dominancy, diameter of Graffian
follicle and estrus and ovulatory times), length of corpus luteum (CL) during
the estrous cycle. Heifers were maintained under uniform conditions and fed
according to their daily growth. Transrectal Ultrasound Echo System (7.5 MHz
probe) was used to study the ovarian structures and to monitor the daily
development and regression of ovarian follicles, the formation and regression of
corpus luteum in the left and right ovaries during the estrus cycle. Results
indicated that the growth turnover of ovarian follicles was observed and
developed in a wave pattern in all Shami heifers and no significant differences
in the number and sizes of ovarian follicles were found between right and left
ovaries. A cohort of 5 to 7 small follicles with a diameter 2-5 mm developed
together and one of them was selected to continue growing and becomes
dominant and later on being regressed or ovulated during the estrus cycle. One
to five follicular waves were observed per cycle and each wave was
characterized by the development of one large (dominant) follicle and a
variable number of smaller follicles. The estrus cycle with one follicular wave
occurred only in heifers exhibited the first post pubertal cycles with an average
length equaled to 8.67±0.33 days. Frequency of estrus cycle according to the
number of follicular waves was 8.4, 25.3, 44.2, 20 and 2.1% in cycles having 1,
2, 3, 4 and 5 follicular waves, respectively. Furthermore , the length of estrus
cycle was also related to the number of follicular waves and it was 21.87±0.62,
22.44±0.74, 26.4±0.72, 26.50±3.50 days in cycles having 2, 3, 4 and 5 follicular
waves, respectively with significant differences (P < 0.05) in cycles with 2 or 3
vs. 4 and/or 5 waves. The functional duration of CL was extended to 9, 12 and
15 days in a short (17-19 days), intermediate (20-24 days) and long estrus cycle
(≥ 25 days). The maximum diameter of dominant follicles in ovulatory waves
was significantly larger (P < 0.05) than that of dominant follicles in nonovulatory
waves. In conclusion, this study showed that the development of
ovarian follicles in Shami heifers occurs in waves and the most common pattern
is three waves per estrous cycle.
Twelve growing Shami heifers available in Dier-Al-Hajar Station for
improving Shami Cattle weighing 115±3 kg and 178±4 days old were used to
monitor the daily growth of ovarian follicles (daily numbers, size, length and
number of waves, rate of gr
owth and regression) using Transrectal Ultrasound
Echo System (7.5 MHz probe) in 6-14 months-old heifers. Results indicated that
ovarian follicles developed in a wave pattern in all Shami heifers when they
were 6 months old and no significant differences in the number and size of
ovarian follicles were found between right and left ovaries. A cohort of 4 to 7
small follicles with a diameter 2-5 mm developed together and one of them was
selected for continual growth, became dominant and later regressed during the
pre-pubertal stage.
This study was conducted at the Deir Al-Hajar Shami Cattle Research
Station, Animal Wealth Research Administration. For this purpose 12
primiparous Shami cows were used to know the influence of the milking
regimes in the production performance of
the cow and the composition of the
produced milk. The animals were divided randomly into two equal groups.
Machine milking were used at the first group in the presence of the calf, or for
the machine milking without the presence of the calf at the second group.
The daily production of milk was estimated weekly from every cow in both
groups and at the same time milk samples were taken to estimate the
percentage of the basic components of milk such as fat, protein, lactose and dry
matter until the end of lactation. Data were analyzed in statistical program SAS
by using variance analysis ANOVA (Mixed Model).
This research was conducted I during 2009-2010 at Dier Alhajar station,
General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research to determine the
length of calving interval (CI) and the effect of sire, calving year, calving
season, parity and age o
f cow and their interactions in Shami Cattle.
It was concluded that CI can be reduced by better
management and providing good and suitable feeding conditions.
An experiment was carried out using 280 unsexed chicks of a
commercial broiler breed taken randomly from a hatchery after the
start of hatching. The chicks were distributed into four groups of 70
chicks each. The chicks were fed a certain type of
mash feeding for
7 days as follows:
The chicks of the 1st group were given the basal diet directly after
hatching containing 1.2% lysine, This diet is conformed to the
American feed tables of (NRC, 1994).
The 2nd and the 3rd group of chicks were given the diet directly
after hatching but containing 1.45%, 1.70% lysine respectively, and maintaining the rest of the nutrients as in the basal diet.
The chicks of 4th group were given the diet directly after hatching,
but containing 24% protein, and maintaining the rest of the
nutrients as in the basal diet.
After 7 days the chicks of four groups fed a broiler pellet
commercial diet until the age of 42 days.
The results showed the importance of adding lysine to the diet
directly after hatching on the average live weight at the end of the
first week, the differences were significant (P ≤ 0.05) between the
chicks of the third group compared to chicks of the first group. It
was also noted that the increase in lysine in the diet is better than
increasing the crude protein to 24% (P ≤ 0.01) on the average live
weight at the end of the first week. No significant differences were
noticed among the average live weight of the chicks of all groups at
the end of the experiment
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