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The effect of planting depth and organic acids on the plant growth and productivity of saffron (Croucus sativus L.)

تأثير عمق الزراعة و الحموض العضوية في نمو نبات الزعفران و إنتاجيته

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 Publication date 2012
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The experiment was performed at Agricultural Research Center in Jousiyet Al-Kharab in Al-Qsair district, Homs governorate during the 2010-2011 season to investigate the effect of planting depth and organic acids on saffron growth and productivity. Four treatments including amino acids, amino Humic, mixture of them in addition to the control were applied. Each treatment was comprised of three planting depths (10, 15 and 20 cm). Results showed that by increasing planting depth up to 20 cm a significant reduction had resulted in the percentage of rooted plants and number of shoots while there were no significant differences between the two depths 10 vs. 15 cm. The number of leaves and their length were not affected significantly with the increasing of planting depths. The number of flower, wet and dry weights of the stigmas were increased significantly with the increase of planting depth from 10 to 15 cm. The application of the humic acids had significant superiority overall the other applications in rooted plant percentage, number of shoots, number of flowers and the dry and wet weights of the stigmas, while the application of the mixture came in the second rank in number of flowers and the dry and wet weights of the stigmas. However, no significant differences were occurred between the control and application of amino acids. The highest percentage of rooted plants was observed in applying humic acids in all depths and the percentage of rooted plants reached 100%. The highest number of flowers, highest stigmas wet and dry weights were observed with the interaction between applying humic acids at 15 cm depth. The highest number of shoots and number of leaves appeared with the interaction between 20 cm depth and humic acids treatment, the longist leaves were appeared with the interaction between amino acids and 15 cm depth.


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Research summary
تناولت الدراسة تأثير عمق الزراعة والحموض العضوية على نمو وإنتاجية نبات الزعفران. أجريت التجربة في مركز البحوث العلمية الزراعية بجوسية الخراب، حمص، خلال موسم 2010-2011. استخدمت أربعة معاملات تشمل الحموض الأمينية، الحموض الهيومية، مزيج منهما، ومعاملة الشاهد. تم تطبيق كل معاملة على ثلاثة أعماق زراعية (10، 15، 20 سم). أظهرت النتائج أن زيادة عمق الزراعة إلى 20 سم أدت إلى انخفاض معنوي في نسبة النباتات المجذرة وعدد النموات، بينما لم تظهر فروق معنوية بين العمقين 10 و15 سم. كما لم يكن لعمق الزراعة تأثير معنوي على عدد الأوراق وطولها. زادت عدد الأزهار والوزنين الرطب والجاف للمياسم بزيادة عمق الزراعة من 10 إلى 15 سم. تفوقت معاملة الحموض الهيومية على المعاملات الأخرى في نسبة النباتات المجذرة وعدد النموات والأوراق والأزهار والوزنين الرطب والجاف للمياسم. أظهرت معاملة المزيج نتائج جيدة ولكنها لم تتفوق على الحموض الهيومية. لم تظهر فروق معنوية بين الشاهد ومعاملة الحموض الأمينية في بعض المعايير. تفاعل الحموض الهيومية مع جميع الأعماق أظهر نسبة تجذير 100%. أعلى عدد للنموات والأوراق ظهر في التفاعل بين العمق 20 سم والحموض الهيومية، بينما أعلى عدد للأزهار وأعلى وزنين رطب وجاف للمياسم ظهر في التفاعل بين العمق 15 سم والحموض الهيومية. كانت أطول الأوراق في التفاعل بين الحموض الأمينية والعمق 15 سم.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة في مجال تحسين إنتاجية نبات الزعفران، إلا أنها تفتقر إلى بعض الجوانب التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، لم تتناول الدراسة تأثير العوامل البيئية الأخرى مثل درجة الحرارة والرطوبة على النتائج، مما قد يؤثر على دقة النتائج. ثانياً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مناطق زراعية مختلفة في سوريا للحصول على نتائج أكثر شمولية. ثالثاً، لم يتم التطرق إلى التكلفة الاقتصادية لتطبيق الحموض العضوية المختلفة، وهو جانب مهم للمزارعين. على الرغم من هذه النقاط، فإن الدراسة تقدم إسهاماً قيماً في فهم تأثير عمق الزراعة والحموض العضوية على نمو وإنتاجية الزعفران.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو تأثير زيادة عمق الزراعة على نسبة النباتات المجذرة وعدد النموات؟

    زيادة عمق الزراعة إلى 20 سم أدت إلى انخفاض معنوي في نسبة النباتات المجذرة وعدد النموات، بينما لم تظهر فروق معنوية بين العمقين 10 و15 سم.

  2. أي معاملة أظهرت أفضل النتائج في نسبة النباتات المجذرة وعدد النموات؟

    معاملة الحموض الهيومية أظهرت أفضل النتائج في نسبة النباتات المجذرة وعدد النموات.

  3. هل كان لعمق الزراعة تأثير معنوي على عدد الأوراق وطولها؟

    لم يكن لعمق الزراعة تأثير معنوي على عدد الأوراق وطولها.

  4. ما هو العمق الذي أظهر أعلى عدد للأزهار وأعلى وزنين رطب وجاف للمياسم؟

    العمق 15 سم أظهر أعلى عدد للأزهار وأعلى وزنين رطب وجاف للمياسم.


References used
(Abdel Aziz, G., S. Nahed, T Lobna and M. M. Ibrahim Soad. 2009. Some Studies on the Effect of Putrescine, Ascorbic Acid and Thiamine on Growth, Flowering and Some Chemical Constituents of Gladiolus Plants at Nubaria. Ozean J. Applied Sci., 2(2
Abdullaev, F. I. 2002. Cancer chemopreventive production and tumoroicidal properties of saffron (Crocu sativus L.). J. Experim. Bio.andMed., 227:20-25
Aberg, B. 1961. Nucleic acids and proteins in plants. Encycl. Plant Physiol., Vol. 14, Spriger Verlag, Berlin
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