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Register a new userAssessment of lead contamintation of soil at northern Daraa city entrance
تقييم التلوث بالرصاص لترب مدخل مدينة درعا الشمالي
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جمعت عينات التربة من ثلاثة مواقع تبعد عن مدخل مدينة درعا الشمالي (0,1500, 3000)م و ذلـك من نقاط سبر على عمقين لكل نقطة، و على ثلاثة أبعاد عن شرق و غرب الطريق. أظهرت النتـائج ارتفـاع تراكيز الرصاص الكلي و المتاح في التربة عند شرق الطريق مقارنة بغربه لتأثير الرياح الغربية السائدة فـي المنطقة. و للبعد عن مدخل المدينة تبين وجود فروقات معنوية لتراكيـز الرصـاص الكلـي و المتـاح عنـد 0,1500 م و كذلك عند 0,3000 م، بينما كانت الفروقات غير معنويـة عنـد البعـدين (1500, 3000)م. و للبعد عن حافتي الطريق بينت الدراسة وجود فروق معنوية لتراكيز الرصاص الكلي و المتاح بين البعـدين 5م و 25م، و كذلك بين البعدين 5 م و 50 م، بينما كانت الفروقات ظاهرية لتراكيز الرصاص الكلي و المتاح بين البعدين 25م و 50م. كانت الفروق معنوية لتراكيز الرصاص الكلي و المتاح بين العمقين. كان الارتباط قويا جداً بين متوسط تراكيز الرصاص الكلي و المتاح.
Soil samples were collected from three sites located at distances (0, 1500, 3000)m along the road from the northern entrance of Daraa city. For each site, samples were collected from two depths, at three distances from the road axis and from the two sides of the road. Results showed that total and available lead concentrations in soil were higher in east than west side of the road due to the effect of the dominant westerly winds in the region. the differences were significant for the total and available lead concentrations at distances (0,1500)m, and (0,3000)m at the entrance of the city, the distances (5,25)m, and (5,50)m, at the distance from two road sides, and between the depths (0-15), (15-30)cm, whereas the differences were not significant for the total and available lead concentrations at distances (1500,3000)m at the entrance of the city, and (25,50)m at the distance from two road sides. There was a very strong correlation between the average total and available lead concentration.
References used
Adriano, D. C,. 1986. Trace elements in the terrestrial environment. Springer- Verlag., New York:136-171
Aksoy, A., U, Sahin and F, Duman. 2000. Robinia pseudo-acacia L. as a possible biomonitor of Heavy Metal Pullution in Kayseri. Turk. J. Bot. 24: 279-284
Badawy, E. H. M. 1992. Studies on some heavy metals in soils of Egypt and plant grown thereon. Ph. D. Thesis, Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt:46-76
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The aim of this study was to estimate the total amount of phenolic compounds of olive
trees leaves (Olea europaea L.) as Biomarker for the assessment of lead air pollution at
Banias area. Olive trees were selected as the predominant species in the
study area. The
samples were collected from 6 locations at different distances from the vicinity of the
Banias refinery (0.1, 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10) Km. The dominated wind in the region is western -
southwesterly during the winter (March) and summer (September), The control was taken
from an area about 20 km from the refinery to the north-east (al-Qardahah rural).
The concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPC) during the summer was (45.6-70.85)
mg GAE/g dw and in the control (40.4) mg GAE/g dw, and during the winter the content
of TPC was (35.6-52.9) mg GAE/g dw and in the control (25.8) mg GAE/g dw. The
concentration of Lead (Pb) in unwashed leaves during the summer was (0.879 – 2.170)
ppm and in the control (0.005) ppm, whilst during the winter was (0.479-1.023) ppm and
in the control (0.00083) ppm. The results showed significant differences in the
concentration of total phenolic compounds and lead between sites (Anova test). High
concentration of total phenols and lead in the summer compared to values in winter at all
sites (t-test). The results also showed a negative correlation between the concentration of
total phenolic compounds and lead with the distance from the refinery of Banias. Finally,
The results showed that the TPC can be used as biomarker of lead air pollution in Banias
area.
This study was conducted to evaluation of some marshes soil physical
characteristics at south Iraq from studying soil properties and accounting the
simple and multiple correlation coefficients and relation equations, from which
we can predicted th
e soil aggregate stability modules of rapture and soil bulk
density. Three transacts were chosen, which cover all south Iraqi marshes, with
selection of the larger marshes at every transect. The transects are: First
toward Amara included marshes of Al-Msendak, Al-Saadiah and Al-Wadiah.
Second toward Al- Nasiriah which included the marshes of Delmag, Ghumugaa
and Al-hammar. Third toward Samawa which included the marshes of Al-
Ramah and Lafti.
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The study was carried out at Soil Research Center in the province of Daraa
during 2011 in order to study some physical and moisture characteristics for
cinnamon soil, which occupies (48000 km²), equivalent to 26% of the area of the
Syrian Arab Rep
ublic and represents the cultivation of growing field crops
with a rainfall ranges between 150- 300 mm. The results showed that the
mechanical analysis for soil referred that its texture is clay with a good ability
to retain water, the field capacity rated between (30-38.85)%. The studied soil
has high value of available water (38.93mm) and useful water (25.69mm) in the
surface layer. The highest value of permanent wilting point and hygroscopic
moisture was reached in the final depth in studied profile soil, It was also
distinguished a high total porosity ranged between 51.78 and 55.59% with
a good air porosity amounted to 9.38 - 15.47 % in different depths and with the
decline to 5.51 % in the depth 30 - 45cm.
Inhabitants' increase in the governorate of Daraa has great effect on civil
development, as it is the case in other governorates of Syria, this is quite evident
in the increase of inhabitants in civil centers, and its horizontal extension
continuo
usly.
Due to the importance of this subject, I studied it, where the research
included a survey of its problem that the continuous inhabitants' increase has
been the cause of the increase of the number and volume of civil centers during
the period between 1970-2010, where the rate of civilization increased by 14.3%
to 41.6% The number of inhabitants in the governorate is expected to reach
(1.631.005) inhabitants in the year 2025. that's with an increase of 505.005
inhabitants. The research included its importance, objective and courses, the
developed number of inhabitants in the governorate, and effective factors that
affect it, with the increasing number of civil centers. In addition to studying
indications of civil development such as education, health, culture, services,
industry, housing, then discussed their problems and impediments, such as the
increasing rates of inhabitants, the random housing, environmental pollution,
then presenting future suggestions and solutions for them.
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