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Register a new userEvaluation Of Some Soil Physical Characteristics Of Marshes Soil South Of Iraq
تقييم بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية لترب الأهوار جنوب العراق
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2011
fields
Soil And Water
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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نفذت هذه الدراسة لتقيم بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية لترب الأهوار جنوب العراق من خلال دراسة صفات التربة و حساب معامل الارتباط البسيط و المتعدد و معادلات الارتداد الممكن من خلالها التنبؤ بثباتية تجمعات التربة و معامل التمزق، فضلا عن كثافة التربة الظاهرية. لذلك فقد اختيرت ثلاثة مسارات تغطي معظم الأهوار جنوب العراق مع انتقاء أكبر الأهوار مساحة في كل مسار و هي: أولا باتجاه العمارة و قد غطى أهوار المصندك و السعدية و الوادية. ثانيا باتجاه الناصرية و قد غطى أهوار الدلمج و غموكة و الحمار. ثالثًا باتجاه السماوة و قد غطى هوري الرماح و لفته.
This study was conducted to evaluation of some marshes soil physical characteristics at south Iraq from studying soil properties and accounting the simple and multiple correlation coefficients and relation equations, from which we can predicted the soil aggregate stability modules of rapture and soil bulk density. Three transacts were chosen, which cover all south Iraqi marshes, with selection of the larger marshes at every transect. The transects are: First toward Amara included marshes of Al-Msendak, Al-Saadiah and Al-Wadiah. Second toward Al- Nasiriah which included the marshes of Delmag, Ghumugaa and Al-hammar. Third toward Samawa which included the marshes of Al- Ramah and Lafti.
References used
Abrol, I. P., A. K. Suha, and C. L. Acharya. (1978). Effect of exchangeable sodium on some soil physical properties. J. Indian Soc.Soil Sci. 26:98 – 105
Al- Ani, A. N. and M. Dudas. (1979). Influence of calcium carbonate on mean weight diameter of soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 46: 402- 411
Al-Agidi, W. K. (1976). Proposed soil classification of the series level for Iraqi soil: Alluvial soil. Baghdad Univ. agric. coll.tech.bull
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Land degradation deteriorates environmental systems and has direct and
negative effects on crops yield, pastures and forests. Land degradation is an old
phenomenon but in the last years it accelerated and spread widely to reach
some interne areas
in Syria like the studied area (Blay) which situated on the
road of Damascus-Sowyda. In this paper morphological, physio-chemical,
hydraulic and fertility study was done to clarify and define the reasons of this
degradation in this specified area. Three land sections were done and
morphologically described on site, soil samples were taken for analyses in the
laboratory. Results showed that, the degradation may be related to different
reasons like high apparent density which indicates the soil compacting, the low
cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the low hydraulic conductivity with a low
percentage of available water. Results also showed that the adding different
percentage of soil conditioners, like hay, compost, polymer and manure
ameliorates in different ratios the physical and hydraulic properties of soil.
Some magnetic and physical properties ( magnetic susceptibility , intensity
of remanent magnetisation , ac current electrical conductivity and density ) of
١٨١ samples from ٣٠ sites of Middle Miocene basaltic rocks (β 1
N2) from Al-
Kisweh region
south of Damascus were studied, in order to extend the previous
study ( Abou-Deeb, ١٩٩٧) to other regions so that these properties might be
used as characteristic factors in discriminating the neighbouring basaltic flows
.The measurement of the in situ magnetic susceptibility of ٧٥ basaltic sites ,
distributed on ٨ localities , in the region helped to calculate the mean value of
the magnetic susceptibility of each locality and an overall mean value of the
whole region, which might be used in any magnetic interpretation of the
magnetic anomalies. Also, the density of ١٢٨ samples were measured and a
mean value of the density of each locality and an overall mean density were
calculated in order to be used in any future interpretation of any gravity
anomaly in the region .
The study was carried out at Soil Research Center in the province of Daraa
during 2011 in order to study some physical and moisture characteristics for
cinnamon soil, which occupies (48000 km²), equivalent to 26% of the area of the
Syrian Arab Rep
ublic and represents the cultivation of growing field crops
with a rainfall ranges between 150- 300 mm. The results showed that the
mechanical analysis for soil referred that its texture is clay with a good ability
to retain water, the field capacity rated between (30-38.85)%. The studied soil
has high value of available water (38.93mm) and useful water (25.69mm) in the
surface layer. The highest value of permanent wilting point and hygroscopic
moisture was reached in the final depth in studied profile soil, It was also
distinguished a high total porosity ranged between 51.78 and 55.59% with
a good air porosity amounted to 9.38 - 15.47 % in different depths and with the
decline to 5.51 % in the depth 30 - 45cm.
Zooplankton samples were collected seasonally from three stations in the south of
Al-Hammar Marshes southern Iraq during the period from January to December 2011, by
Plankton net of a mouth aperture of 40 cm and a mesh-size 0.90 mm mounted with a f
low
meter in the mouth. The results showed that the population density of Cladocera ranged
between 79 ind/m3 during winter at station 1 (Al-Mas-hab) and 41971 ind/m3 during spring
at station 2 (Hareer). Density of Cladocera was positively correlated with water
temperature and to a lesser extent with salinity. About 13 species of Cladocera belonging
to 11 genera were recorded at three stations. The high values of diversity were recorded in
winter at all stations (1.68, 1.16, and 1.68 respectively) while the lowest values were
recorded during spring at all stations (0.06, 0.03, and 0.01 respectively).
This study was conducted during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 seasons in
Abu-Jarash orchards area in Damascus to identify the effect of improved
organic materials as sludge, manure and compost in improving some soil
physical characteristics and whea
t productivity. Results showed that the three
types of organic material affected the physical characteristics of the studied
soil. They decreased its bulk density, increased its total porosity and increased
its ability of holding water at field capacity. Results also showed that the
compost of city wastes was the best in improving soil physical properties. The
three organic materials, particularly the sludge increased the total productivity
of wheat (Sham3).
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