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Register a new userA study on the concept of castles (History and classification)
دراسة حول مفهوم القلاع (تاريخها - تصنيفها)
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Added by
Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2015
fields
Architectural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
Authors
أديب أومري( باحث )
Created by
Shamra Editor
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إن أهم قضية في وجود الإنسان و بقائه هي الأمن و الأمان، فجاء بناء القلاع كترجمة و انعكاس صادق لهذه القضية بكل تفاصيلها من جهة، و كمنتج تراكمي اجتمعت فيها الخبرات و التجارب و انصهرت فيها كل القيم لتشكل أهم معالم الحضارة العمرانية من جهة ثانية، بما قدمته من فن دفاعي كبير و ذوق معماري رفيع. يتناول البحث دراسة لمفهوم القلاع مستعرضا المراحل التي مرت بها عمارتها عبر التاريخ، ثم شرحا عن تصنيفها و انواعها و أهميتها و أخيرا يرصد البعد الاجتماعي و الجغرافي للقلعة و يخلص البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج تؤسس لأبحاث لاحقة في المستقبل.
The most important issue in human existence and survival is the safety and security, came to build castles as an expression and reflection honest to this issue in detail, on the one hand, the cumulative product met the experiences and melted in which all values of the most important urban civilization landmarks on the other hand, of its art defensive large, high architectural taste. This research deals with the study of the concept of castles reviewing phases of architecture throughout history, then an explanation for classification, types and importance and finally made the social and geographical dimension of the castle and concludes to establish a set of results for subsequent research in the future.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تناول البحث الذي قدمه الدكتور أديب داري أومري مفهوم القلاع، حيث استعرض مراحل تطورها عبر التاريخ، مع التركيز على تصنيفها وأنواعها وأهميتها. القلاع كانت دائماً رمزاً للأمن والأمان، حيث كانت تُبنى لتوفير الحماية من الهجمات سواء البشرية أو الحيوانية. استعرض البحث أيضاً البعد الاجتماعي والجغرافي للقلاع، موضحاً كيف كانت القلاع تمثل قلب المدينة وتحيط بها أسوار لحمايتها. كما تناول البحث القلاع الصليبية في المشرق العربي وأهمية مواقعها الطبوغرافية. خلص البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج التي تؤسس لأبحاث لاحقة في المستقبل، مؤكداً على أهمية الحفاظ على هذه المنشآت التاريخية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن البحث قدم معلومات شاملة ووافية حول مفهوم القلاع وتطورها عبر التاريخ، إلا أنه يمكن ملاحظة بعض النقاط التي قد تحتاج إلى تعمق أكبر. على سبيل المثال، لم يتناول البحث بالتفصيل تأثير القلاع على الحياة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية للسكان المحيطين بها. كما أن البحث اعتمد بشكل كبير على المصادر التاريخية دون تقديم تحليل نقدي كافٍ لهذه المصادر. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان من الممكن أن يتناول البحث بشكل أعمق تأثير التكنولوجيا الحديثة على الحفاظ على القلاع وترميمها.
Questions related to the research
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ما هي الأهمية الرئيسية للقلاع في التاريخ البشري؟
القلاع كانت تمثل رمزاً للأمن والأمان، حيث كانت تُبنى لتوفير الحماية من الهجمات سواء البشرية أو الحيوانية، وكانت أيضاً رمزاً للسلطة والإدارة والسيطرة على المناطق المحيطة بها.
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ما الفرق بين الحصن والقلعة من حيث الموقع؟
القلعة تكون عادةً داخل المدينة وتحيط بها أسوار وسكان وحراس، بينما الحصن يكون خارج المدينة في موقع خلاء بعيد عن المدنيين.
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كيف أثرت الحروب الصليبية على تطور بناء القلاع؟
الحروب الصليبية كان لها تأثير كبير على تطوير أسلوب بناء وتحصين القلاع، حيث تعلم الصليبيون الكثير عن تحصين قلاعهم من صراعاتهم مع العرب ومن العمارة البيزنطية القديمة.
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ما هي الأنواع الرئيسية للقلاع التي تم تصنيفها في البحث؟
تم تصنيف القلاع إلى قلاع قديمة، قلاع تقليدية، قلاع النورمان، القلاع متحدة المركز، قلاع المرتفعات (الكاثار)، والقلاع النجمية.
References used
Coulson, Charles (2003), Castles in Medieval Society: Fortresses in England, France, and Ireland in the Central Middle Ages, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 15
Creighton, Oliver (2012), Early European Castles: Aristocracy and Authority, AD 800–1200, Debates in Archaeology, London: Bristol Classical Press. Page 44-45
Allen Brown, Reginald (1976) [1954], Allen Brown's English Castles, Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, page 6-8
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