لقد اتّسمت الفلسفة الغربية بشكل عام بالصفة التي أطلق عليها دريدا اسم (ميتافيزيقا الحضور)، و هي عبارة عن حركة فكريّة بدأت مع فلاسفة اليونان و بلغت ذروتها مع هيغل من خلال فكرة الميتافيزيقا. إنَّ المشكلة المراد بحثها هنا، هي كيف أنَّ هذه الحركة الفكرية تحرّكت باتّجاه معين من خلال موضوع معين، ألا و هو الانتقال من اللحظة الميتافيزيقية إلى لحظة الحضور، بمعنى آخر، تحوّل الفكرة الميتافيزيقية للوجود، كما هو بذاته، إلى فكرة الحضور المطلق. لذلك سنحاول في هذه الدراسة توضيح، كيف أن فكرة الميتافيزيقا عند هسرل تكشف عن ذاتها من خلال ثلاثة مواضيع و هي:
1. إن الحدس هو الأساس الإبستمولوجي للوضعية الصادقة.
2. إن المجال المتعالي هو مجال الوجود.
3. إن الوجود الذي يعطي ذاته في الحدس، هو لحظة إبستمولوجية. هذا يعني أن الوجود هو الحضور المطلق و اللحظة الميتافيزيقية في آن معاً. و بهذا سنحاول أن نظهر أن لهسرل افتراضاً مسبقاً ألا و هو، "ميتافيزيقا الحضور".
The western philosophy could generally be best described as, Derrida called it, the
Metaphysics of Presence. It is intellectual movement that started with the Greek
philosophers and reached its peak with Heigel through the concept of metaphysics. The
research question here is how such an intellectual movement has specifically promoted
through a specific subject matter, which is the transference from the moment of
metaphysics into that of presence, in other words, the alteration of the metaphysical
concept of existence, as it is per se, into concept of absolute presence. Accordingly, in this
piece of research, we shall endeavor to highlight how the concept of metaphysics, with
Husserl, uncovers itself through three key points, as follows:
1. Intuition is epistemological basis to authentic positivism.
2. The transcendental domain is that of existence.
3. The existence that presents itself via intuition is an epistemological moment. This
means, existence itself is simultaneously both the absolute presence and the metaphysical
moment. Thus, we shall prove that Husserl possesses a presuppositions which is the
metaphysics of presence.
References used
Derrida, J. Speech and phenomena, and Other Essays on Husserl's theory of Signs, TRANS. D.Allison. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1973
Husserl, E. Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology, trans. Gibson, London: George Allen and Unwin, Ltd., 1931
Husserl, E. Logical Investigations, 2 vol., trans. J.N.Findlay, New York; Humanities Press, 1970
This research will discuss the reduction between Husserl and Merloponte, where
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