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Divining Practices in Mary Kingdom In (the second millennium) B.C

الممارسات الكهنوتية في مملكة ماري في /الألف الثاني قبل الميلاد/

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 Publication date 2016
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research sheds light over an important activity of the religious beliefs in Kingdom of Mary, which is The faith, concerning the vital role of diviners and their participation the King authority in running the citizens affairs especially, that the religious beliefs of this Kingdom was characterized by intellectual riches which was obviously appeared in its discovered texts, and which was based on trying to find out a convincing interpretation for the human mentality at that time, concerning the mysterious phenomena, in which the nature has played the main role in answering such these questionable matters. So, the research focused on the role of the diviner as a mediator between the divine symbols and the human beings through several divining practices such as, prediction, dreams analysing and setting the judgments.

References used
(HORST. K. Handel und Händler im alten Orient. Auflage . 1979 by Verlag Koehler & Amelan VOB , Leipzig. Printed in the German Democratic Republic.(1979
(CHAHOUD A., Les matiérespremiéres en Méspotamie au - .Siècle av. J.- C., d᾿après les textes . Mémoire D.A.M.A, Lyon2 ,(2008-2009
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تتميز المحفوظات التي تعود إلى العصر البرونزي المتأخر في سورية باحتوائها على كم كبير من الوثائق القانونية وعلى الرغم أن هذه الوثائق لم تشمل مجموعات تشريعية كاملة كتلك المكتشفة في بلاد الرافدين، فأنها تعد مصدرا مهما من مصادر دراسة قانون الشرق الأدنى القديم.
This research focuses on the relations of the southern states of Arabian Peninsula namely states of Sheba , Ma’en , Qataban and Hadramout with their neighboring states in the middle east including Egypt , the fertilized Crescent and the Mediterran ean. The research emphasizes the commercial relations exemplified by the heavy caravans carrying frankincense and Teeb (fragrance and associated herbs and ingredients) from the south into the northward lands. The research depends largely on the latest writings and recently revealed archaeological scriptures. However, the research is not only confined to address these commercial ties but also enlighten other relations including the economical, political and bilateral social and cultural influences of each part on the other. Indeed, the need for these products in the old world carried significant attention and economical growth due to substantial agricultural increase and technical innovations. Having these privileges, the Southern states of Arabia became susceptible to yearning of the great powers such as Romans, Persians, and Greeks. Studying old history of this region is no doubt will show how economy and commercial contacts can embody also further relations with respect to war , peace , and challenge .
يتحدث هذا المقال عن القصور التي شيدت في المدة الممتدة من نهاية الألف الثالث ق.م (عصر سلالة أور الثالثة 2112 - 2004 ق.م) إلى نهاية الألف الثاني - ق.م (عصر البرونز الوسيط 2000– 1600 ق.م، وعصر البرونز الحديث 1600 – 1200 ق.م) في سورية و العراق. و شه دت هذه المرحلة نهضة كبيرة على صعيد العمارة الملكية، ما دفعني لدراستها بهدف الكشف عن الأنماط المعمارية التي عرفتها القصور المشيدة آنذاك. حاول هذا البحث التركيز على نقاط جوهرية في القصور خاصة فيما يتعلق بظروف ظهور القصور و ارتباطها بالسلطة السياسية و أهميتها في حياة الممالك القديمة. و سعى هذا البحث أيضاً إلى تقديم صورة عن عالم القصور و علاقة هذا العالم بالعالم الخارجي، و يمكن تكوين هذه الصورة من خلال دراسة القصر من الناحيتين المعمارية و الأثرية. و بفضل ذلك كله، يمكننا تعرف وظائف القصور (سياسية و دينية و إدارية و اقتصادية) في العراق و سورية في المرحلة التي ندرسها.
This study aimed at investigating the effect of a computerized programme on changing alternative concepts in science among second intermediate grade students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in “motion and sound units”. A puroseful sample of (90) st udents was selected and students were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group which was taught “motion and sound” by the computerized programme, and the control group which was taught the same two units by the traditional method.
The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the pace of the presence of democracy on the three axes, where the degree of democratic interaction reached 45%, while the degree of human rights attained 50.59%, and the axis related to d emocratic values amounted to 45.5%. On the whole the percentage rate of all the axes reached 47.3% and these percentages indicate a low level of democratic practices in Kuwait school . Finally the study has provided a number of important recommendations related to the results of the study.
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