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معاهدة بين مملكتي ألالاخ و كيزُّوَتْنا
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كانت مدينة ألالاخ مركز مملكة قائمة في الزاوية الشمالية الغربية من سوريا خلال القرون 18-14 ق.م، و تتمتع بأهمية حضارية و تجارية، و صلة وصل مع بلاد الأناضول. كشفت التنقيبات الأثرية فيها ( 1937-1949) عن نحو 900 نص كتابي بالكتابة المسمارية و اللغة الأكدية، تساعد على معرفة طبيعة الوضع السياسي و الإداري و الاقتصادي في المملكة، و علاقاتها الخارجية. من بينها نص معاهدة عقدها الملك إدريمي (القرن 15 ق.م) مع بيليا ملك مملكة كيزوتنا المجاورة من جهة الشمال، في مناطق كيليكيا. إنها واحدة من بين عشرات المعاهدات التي عُقدت بين ممالك الشرق القديم الكبرى و الصغرى، منذ الألف الثالث حتى الأول ق.م. و على الرغم من إيجازها مقارنة بنصوص معاهدات أخرى؛ فإنها تكتسب أهمية خاصة في جوانب عدّة، أبرزها أنها معقودة بين مملكتين متجاورتين كانتا تواجهان تحديات تمسّ وجودهما و سيادتهما كليهما.
The city of "Alalakh" was the center of an Kingdom in the northwestern corner of Syria during the 18-14 centuries BC , and enjoy cultural and commercial importance , and built important link with Anatolia . Archaeological Excavations at the site(1937-1949) revealed about 900 written text of cuneiform and Akkadian language , it helps to know the nature of the political, administrative and economic situation in Alalakh, and its foreign relations . Among them a treaty held by the King Idrimi ( 15th century BC) with Pilia the King of Kizzuwatna a neighbors Kingdom to the north , in the regions of Cilicia . It is one of dozens of treaties concluded between the kingdoms of the ancient Near East, major and minor, since the third millennium BC until the first. The Treaty is especially important in several aspects, most notably that pinned between the two kingdoms adjacent were faced with challenges affecting their existence and sovereignty of both.
References used
AbZ = BORGER, R. Assyrisch-babylonische Zeichenliste. 3. Auflage, Neukirchener Verlag, Nuekirchen-Vluyn, 1986, 452
AHw = VON SODEN, W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch.Wiesbaden,Band I-III, Wiesbaden, 1972, 1981, 1985, 1064-1592-565
ALTMAN, A. How Many Treaty Traditions Existed in the Ancient Near East . Pax Hethitica Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010, 17-36
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