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Register a new userPreparation and Characterization of Sulfatednatural Syrian Zeolite Catalyst
تحضير المحفز الزيوليتي الطبيعي السوري المحمل بأيونات الكبريتات و وصفه
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حضرت مجموعة من العينات بتحميل أيونات الكبريتات على الخام الطبيعي السوري، بطريقة نقع عينات الخام بعد غسلها و تجفيفها في محلول مائي لكبريتات الأمونيوم مختلف التركيز، مع التحريك المستمر، و تركت لتجفّ في درجة حرارة الغرفة, ثم جففت العينات عند الدرجة 1100C و كلست عند الدرجة 6000C. درست خواص العينات الناتجة باستخدام طرائق الأشعة السينية X.R.D، الأشعة تحت الحمراء FTIR, التحليل الحراري الوزني التفاضلي TG-DTA و قياس المساحة السطحية النوعية. وجد أن عملية التحميل تؤدي إلى اختلاف في بنية العينات، إذ يظهر طور جديد من كبريتات العناصر الموجودة في بنية العينات الخام, و ارتباطات ثنائية السن لأيونات SO42- مع بعض العناصر المعدنية. تزداد الفعالية الحفزية للمحفز المحضر في تفاعل تكسير البولي إيثلين ازدياداً واضحاً، مع اختلاف في انتقائية المركبات الناتجة عن التفاعل.
Sulfated ions loaded on natural Syrian zeolite were prepared by impregnation method of zeolite samples in aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate with different concentrations. After that, the samples were dried at 1100C Followed by calcinations at 6000C. The Characterization tests have been done of prepared catalysts using X.R.D, FTIR, TG-DTA methods and by measurement of surface aria. A new phase of sulfated elements has been formed as a result of binding SO42- ions as sulfated complex coordinated with metal elements. The catalytic activity of sample in polyethylene cracking reaction was increased directly with the percent of sulfate ions.
References used
OLAH,G.A.; PARKASH.G.K.S.; SOMMER.J. Super acid chemistry. Published by J.wiley and sons, Ine, Hoboken, new jersey, 2009, 1
ONO,Y.A survey of the mechanism in catalytic isomerization of alkanesCatal. Today, 2003,81,3
ARATA,K.Preparation of super acids by metal oxides for reactions of butanes and pentanes. Appl. Catal. A, 1996,95,3
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يعد الميتانول و الإيتانول من أكثر المحلات شيوعاً، و بما أن درجة غليانها أقل من مئة
درجة مئوية فإنها تتطاير بشكل سريع. و على سبيل المثال، يستعمل الميتانول في تصنيع
الأصبغة و العقاقير و العطور.. و هو شديد السمية، لذلك من الضروري تطوير محسات لكشفه.
أ
ما غاز الأمونيا فهو من ملوثات الهواء و له مصادر كثيرة مثل صناعة الأسمدة و أنظمة
التبريد.. و من هنا أهمية كشفه.
Three samples of alumina_zirconia mixed oxid AL2O3_Zr2O4(1;0.25;0.1) mole ratio
based on oxides were prepared by sol-gel precipition method. The system AL2O3_Zr2O4
was obtained by mixing tow gel of alumina and zirconia precipited from aqueous solut
ions
of alumina nitrate and zirconium chlorid using ammonium hydroxide solution as precipited
agent. The system after mixing was allwed to settle for 24 h. The resuling precipitate was
filtered off and washed several times with deionized water and dried at 120°C for 24 h.
The powdered oven-dried hydrous alumina_zirconia was immersed in ammonium sulfate
solution(1) M for 24 h to incorporate sulfate ions. The resulting sample was dried at 120°
C for 24 h, calcined at 550°C for 6 h. The textural properties were determined by terating
of adsorption data of N2 at 77 K, and the results showed the changings in the textural
properties.The TG_DTA analysis showed the thermal stable of the samples in a long rang
of temperature. FTIR spectra showed that the sulfate ions were incorperated in the saples.
The Xerogel alumina catalyst was prepared by sol-gel
method in non-aqueous milieu, and the aerogel alumina
catalyst was prepared in the same method but it was dried at
by supercritical conditions. These catalysts were characterized
by XRD, BET, a
nd chemical adsorption methods. The
obtained results were compared to show the effect of
preparation process on the structural properties of the alumina.
Besides these results were compared with some oxides
supported on alumina, and the effect of distribution of these
oxides on the properties of alumina was investigated too.
Syrian natural zeolit was used to study the adsorption of phenol from aqueous
solutions. Batch method was used to study the adsorption process.
The results showed that the adsorption process accurs rabidly at the first time and the
equilibrium ach
ieved after 120min .
The adsorption process performed in the rang of PH (3-10). The adsorption of phenol
increased by increasing of PH value up to(6-7) and then decreased.
The temperature affect the adsorption process and the results showed that the
increasing of the temperature leads to decreasing of the adsorption of phenol.The
maximum adsorption amount of phenol was 8 mg/g at 25C0 when the initial concentration
of phenol was 60mg/l.
Adsorption amount of phenol increased when the adsorbent dosage increased up to
0.3g of zeolite.
The resulted data of the adsorption isotherm were fitted with Langmuire model and
the monomolecular layer adsorption formed on the surdace of the adsorbent.
Some samples of alumina supporting with sulfate ions and molybdenium were
prepared by impregnation method. Supported samples were calcinated at 550°C for 6h.
Presence of sulfate ions and molybdenium lead to decreasing of the specific surface area o
f
alumina, and in the ease of molybdenium the decreasing value was higher. The total pore
volume was decreased with the pore size was increased. XRD patterns showed that the
incorporation of sulfate ions and molybdenium did not affect crystalin structure of
alumina. FTIR spectra showed the bonding between sulfate ionsmolybdenium
and
alumina. The TG-DTA studies showed that the losses mass was decreased when the sulfate
ions and molybdenium were incorporated, sulfate ions and molybdenium oxide
decomposed at ~700°C and ~800°C respectively .
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