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Implementing a Control and Supervisory System for Traffic Lights Using PLC and SCADA System

بناء نظام تحكم و مراقبة بإشارات المرور باستخدام المتحكم PLC و نظام التحكم الإشرافي SCADA

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 Publication date 2014
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Traffic jam is a serious problem in our life, it causes waste of time and energy, conventional traffic light control system works with a fixed time and fixed cycle. This paper proposes an intelligent traffic light control system with a changeable green time and cycle depending on traffic density. Traffic parameters (cars’ numbers, density, flow) are collected by Loop Detectors located at each traffic signal, this data will be transmitted to the PLC controller then, PLC processes this data to produce controlling commands, it is also connected to a SCADA system which supervises the process and provides an automatic and manual control. The proposal system applies Green Wave method to connect between two junctions based on a real car velocity and sets priority for emergency car, when Loop Detector detects this car the program will be interrupted to open the traffic light needed. This intelligent system is experimented with conventional control system s’ data the obtained result is promising, it can reduce the green time, cycle time, and delayed time of each car at traffic light to its’ minimum value.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول الورقة البحثية مشكلة الاختناقات المرورية التي تواجهها المدن نتيجة استخدام أنظمة التحكم التقليدية في إشارات المرور، والتي تعمل بأزمنة ثابتة وتتابع ثابت. يقترح البحث خوارزمية جديدة للتحكم المبرمج بإشارات المرور باستخدام المتحكم المنطقي القابل للبرمجة (PLC) ونظام التحكم الإشرافي (SCADA). تعتمد الخوارزمية على أزمنة متغيرة وتتابع متغير حسب حجم الكثافة المرورية، حيث يتم جمع بيانات الحركة المرورية باستخدام الحساسات الحلقية (Loop Detectors) الموزعة عند كل إشارة. يتم نقل هذه البيانات إلى المتحكم PLC الذي يقوم بمعالجتها وإصدار الأوامر اللازمة، ويرتبط المتحكم بنظام SCADA الذي يؤمن إمكانية مراقبة سير العمل والتحكم الأوتوماتيكي واليدوي بالإشارات. يطبق النظام المقترح خاصية الموجة الخضراء (Green Wave) للربط بين عقدتين مرورتين، ويعطي أولوية المرور لسيارات الطوارئ. أظهرت النتائج أن النظام المقترح يقلل من أزمنة فتح الإشارات، وزمن الدورة الكلية، وزمن الانتظار غير المرغوب به، مما يساهم في تخفيض حجم الاختناقات المرورية.
Critical review
تقدم الورقة البحثية حلاً مبتكراً لمشكلة الاختناقات المرورية باستخدام تقنيات حديثة مثل PLC وSCADA. ومع ذلك، يمكن الإشارة إلى بعض النقاط التي قد تحتاج إلى مزيد من الدراسة والتطوير. أولاً، قد يكون من المفيد دراسة تأثير النظام المقترح على مختلف أنواع الطرق والتقاطعات، وليس فقط على عقدة مرورية واحدة. ثانياً، يجب مراعاة التكاليف الاقتصادية لتطبيق النظام على نطاق واسع، خاصة في الدول النامية. ثالثاً، يمكن تحسين النظام بإضافة تقنيات أخرى مثل الذكاء الاصطناعي لتحليل البيانات بشكل أكثر دقة وتقديم حلول أكثر فعالية. أخيراً، يجب إجراء تجارب ميدانية موسعة للتحقق من فعالية النظام في ظروف مرورية مختلفة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي المشكلة الرئيسية التي يعالجها البحث؟

    يعالج البحث مشكلة الاختناقات المرورية الناتجة عن استخدام أنظمة التحكم التقليدية في إشارات المرور.

  2. ما هي التقنيات المستخدمة في النظام المقترح؟

    يستخدم النظام المقترح المتحكم المنطقي القابل للبرمجة (PLC) ونظام التحكم الإشرافي (SCADA) والحساسات الحلقية (Loop Detectors).

  3. ما هي خاصية الموجة الخضراء التي يطبقها النظام؟

    خاصية الموجة الخضراء (Green Wave) تسمح بتتابع الإشارات الضوئية الخضراء بين عقدتين مرورتين لتسهيل تدفق الحركة المرورية دون توقف.

  4. ما هي النتائج التي أظهرها النظام المقترح مقارنة بالنظام التقليدي؟

    أظهر النظام المقترح تقليل أزمنة فتح الإشارات، وزمن الدورة الكلية، وزمن الانتظار غير المرغوب به، مما ساهم في تخفيض حجم الاختناقات المرورية.


References used
Kalapoef, A.R. ; Nofekfe, F. ”Transportation and Pollution”. Doklady Earth Sciences. Russia. Vol. 437, No 186, , 2010, p 513-520
Mclean, V. ”Traffic Detector Handbook”. Third Edition, Volume 1, US Department of Transportation-Federal Highway Administration, FHWA-HRT-06-108, US, 2006, 291
Ehlert, A. & et al, “The optimization of traffic count locations in road networks”, Transportation Research Part B, US. Vol. 40 , No.32 , 2006, p 460–479
Kittelson, A. ”Signal Timing Manual” ,Third Edition, Siemens ITS-U.S Department of Transportation-Federal Highway Administration, FHWA-HOP-08-204, US, 2008, 274
Cosma, R. “Self-organizing traffic lights”, PhD Thesis, Wisconsin University at Madison, Us, 2006, P 15-32
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