We study the problem of Event Causality Identification (ECI) to detect causal relation between event mention pairs in text. Although deep learning models have recently shown state-of-the-art performance for ECI, they are limited to the intra-sentence
setting where event mention pairs are presented in the same sentences. This work addresses this issue by developing a novel deep learning model for document-level ECI (DECI) to accept inter-sentence event mention pairs. As such, we propose a graph-based model that constructs interaction graphs to capture relevant connections between important objects for DECI in input documents. Such interaction graphs are then consumed by graph convolutional networks to learn document context-augmented representations for causality prediction between events. Various information sources are introduced to enrich the interaction graphs for DECI, featuring discourse, syntax, and semantic information. Our extensive experiments show that the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on two benchmark datasets.
The principle of causality is considered one of the most important philosophical and
scientific principles that played a seminal role in developing scientific and epistemic
research. This started with the commencement of philosophical thought. Sinc
e then the
early philosophers attempted to look for the first causes that formed the universe and the
real reasons that led to the phenomena and incidents happeningin it , Hence, the principle
of causality helped to present a general comprehensive viewpoint about the universe. This
viewpoint says that nature always undergoes fixed rules, phenomena becomes regular
according to a certain system and that the hierarchy of these phenomena is linked with
systems that have laws and certain causal liaisons .
With the advancement of science and knowledge, it has become clear to scientists
and thinkers that mind does not conclude laws save through a number of principles, one of
which is the principle of causality. Thus, scientific experiment shows that phenomena are
related to each other as the causesare related to the effects. This is explained through the
principle of causality by which it is possible to derive conclusions of the general laws that
rule the relationships between correlated phenomena , As a result of the causal theory,
many philosophical and scientific concepts that are strongly related to the principle of
causality emerged. Such concepts were that of necessity, inevitability and indeterminism
which in its turn led to the emergence of many philosophical doctrines and scientific
movements that contributed greatly to the scientific and epistemic sphere through the
theories and problematic questions they posed and probed.
This study aimed to test the relationship between the components of economic freedom and
political freedoms in (6) Arab countries of the (MENA) Group during the period 2006-2015, based
firstly on studying and reviewing the intellectual trends and t
he empirical studies on this
relationship. and secondly on a Econometric study based on (Panel Data), and an estimation of the
parameters of the model after the tests of data stability using the (FEM) model which was chosen
according to the (F-Statistique) value of the (Wald) test.
This study investigates the relationship between the financial
development and the economic growth in Syria during the period
(1980-2010). The financial development was measured by the
credit granted to the private sector and the broad money M2
whereas the economic growth was measured by the real gross
domestic product per capita.
This approach discusses the Causality principal in ancient Iraqain civilization trying
to answer the important question which is:
Did the Iraqian thought believe in Causality and depend on it?
Did Iraqian Myths include this principle?
And if the
answer is yes, can we say that the ancient Iraqian Causality is similar to
the temporary scientific Causality which dependson stationary lows in all cases?
We will try to answer these questions depending on our understanding of the ancient
Iraqian world:
What is the relationship among its existents?
What are the powers which control this world and how?
And how much man canchangethe destiny of the world?
These questions will be answered depending on the ancient Iraqian Myths trying to
highlight importance of this civilization which have affected humanity.