This research deals with the issue of consuls in the Levant in the last decades of the
Ottoman Empire, by trying to understand the meaning of the work of the consuls, and the
atmosphere that accompanied the entry into Damascus, and methods of appoi
ntment, and
then the differences among them the hope of obtaining the largest share of the bounties of
the Sultanate. The research indicates agents’ consuls and their escorts from the people of
the Sultanate, and trying to understand the relationship between the consuls, governors and
overlap, and their role in public life and exceeded their powers, and most of all looking for
the role of consuls in the conduct of trade movement and control in the Levant from ports
to markets.
This paper deals briefly with the slave trade in Sudan which suffered for a long time
because of the involvement of its local leaders with other Africans and Europeans in this
trade humanity especially during this period. The meaning of slavery fir
st defined and its
types,and position of Islam, which was manifested in the issuance of a number of
judgments based on the book of Allah and Sunnah of his Messenger in order to liberate the
slave and prevent their penetration , explaining the main sources and ways to obtain it, this
study was also investigated in the treatment of slavery and trading them, in addition to the
study examined the role of the Egyption government and the efforts it exerted to combat
this trade and cancel its abolition in the era of Mohamed Ali Pasha and his successors with
the most important effects and consequences.
