Drought is one of the most important challenges facing sustainable development in eastern Mediterranean regions, where water resources are already limited and ecosystems are fragile. Sums of weighted standardized monthly precipitation anomalies were
used to assess annual drought intensity, frequency and spatial extent in five climatic stations located in Syrian coastal region during the period 1966-2008.Changes in drought intensity were detected using trends with Mann – Kendall test. Results show that drought occurs with high frequency over all parts of the coastal region(up to 35% in some parts),but with different intensities.Extreme drought can hit all regions in some years as happened in 1972-1973. Moreover drought may strike the same region for three consecutive years (1988-1991). Also the results show an increasing tendency in drought intensityrelated to the decreasein drought index values (between 0.29-0.96). This can have serious ecological and economic consequences and will pose an increasing challenge to agriculture and the management of water resources in this region.
Dental anomalies are congenital defected teeth which have a certain prevalence
in various malocclusions. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of different dental
anomalies in Class I malocclusion patients seeking orthodontic treatment.
Back pound: Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and lower urinary tract anomalies (LUTA) are often considered high risk for renal transplantation.
Methods and subjects: To evaluate the degree of risk, we have reviewed our experience of 17 p
atients with (ESRD) and (LUTA). The study was carried out in Almoussat university hospital, between 5/ 2003 and 5/2009. After a detailed urological assessment, the patients had been undergone either non-continent cutaneous diversion (Bricker) (Two patients) or continent cutaneous diversion with bladder augmentation (14 patients), before renal transplantation.
Results: The patient and graft survival rates were 84.62% and 100%, respectively. The presence of an ileal conduit did not adversely affect graft survival. And the commonest complication was persistent urinary tract infection, which occurred in all patients (100%), but didn’t cause any graft loss. However two patients died because of systemic infections and their graft function was
good.
Conclusion: Renal transplantation is a satisfactory option for patients with ESRD due to LUTA, but it is important to carry out detailed urological assessment prior to the transplant procedure.
The Branch and Bound algorithms which are refereed to as B & B are
commonly used to solve NP - hard combinatorial optimization problems.
Although these algorithms were efficient, the size of problems which can solved
and proved the optimality of s
olution by these algorithms was limited, because
of the limitation of computers capabilities although of it’s highly development.
When the parallel programming 46
and Multiprocessors computers were appeared, the researcher thought to
use the capabilities of these techniques and machines to increase the size of
solved problems. Three main anomalies may occur when the parallelism is
used.
This research aimed to design a new model of Branch and Bound
algorithms in order to analyze the performance. This model based on a new
rule to choose the best node among the equal evaluation node. Tight bounds of
each rules were computed and proved the ability to achieve it. Sufficient and
necessary condition anomalous are given regarding the predisposition for each
of the three classes of behavior.
In this research, we discussed and compared the results of further
relaxations on the assumptions used in branch and bound algorithms. We
suggested using the asynchronous models to have the utmost benefit of the
capabilities of parallel programming.
