يهدف البحث إلى تحديد استجابة محصول الذرة الصفراء للري بالمياه المالحة خلال مراحل النمو المختلفة , ودراسة التراكم الملحي في التربة ودرجة تفاعلها وكفاءة استخدام المياه , وتسليط الضوء على امكانية الاستفادة من النظام الثنائي للري بالمياه العذبة والمالحة
, وتقنين الماء المستخدم للري .
استخدمت ثلاثة انواع من مياه الري تراكيز الملح فيها (1.5 , 4.5 , 6.5 ) ملموز | سم على التوالي بثلاث مكررات لكل منهما , استخدم تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملةBRCD في التجربة وحللت احصائيا باستخدام SPSS واوجدت الفروقات المعنوية عند مستوى 5% وفق طريقة Duncan .
اظهر التحليل الاحصائي وجود فروقات معنوية بتاثير لملوحة ماء الري عند 4.5 ملموز | سم عينة (T2) ادى الى الاضرار بنسبة تقترب من 50% بالنمو الخضري والجذري ونمو العرنوس ومساحة الاوراق ووزن 500 حبة وحاصل الحبوب وملوحة التربة مقارنة لو تم ريها بماء نسبة ملوحته 1.5 ملموز | سم عينة (T1) ماء النهر وبينت التجربة ايضا ان استخدام ماء نسبة ملوحته 6.5 ملموز | سم عينة (T3) ماء بزل ادى الى خفض جميع الصفات الظاهرية للنبات بنسبة 75% , كما حصل ارتفاع لملوحة التربة في نهاية التجربة مقارنة مع ملوحتها في بداية التجربة عند استخدام الري الثنائي , وهذا الضرر يزداد بزيادة التوصيل الكهربائي للمياه المستخدمة في عمليات الري , كما تمت ملاحظة ان PHالتربة ينخفض كلما زادت ملوحة التربة .
This research was carried out during the agricultural season 2014 in the
Buqai'a plain in west of Homs governorate, to study the effect of several
systems for intercropping on Corn crop (Zea mays L.( and Soybean crop
(Glycine max L.): (Zea mays li
ne : Soybean line) (Zea mays line : Two
Soybean lines) (Two Zea mays lines + Soybean line) ( Two Zea mays
lines + Two soybean lines) (Single Zea mays crop), (Single soybean
crop).
This study was carried out in the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture
University of Damascus during the growing season 2014, to study the
productivity of the maize cultivar ("Gouta 82) and the hybrids (Basel
1 and Basel 2) under the influence of tw
o plant densities 17.53
thousand plant. ha-1 (70x20cm) and 53.11 thousand plant. ha-1
(70x40cm).
This research aimed to evaluate the general and specific combining ability
components for six inbred lines and 15 hybrids produced by a half diallel cross method,
and was conducted during 2010-2011 seasons, in the Department of the Maize Researches
at G.C.S.A.R. Damascus .
The evaluation included the grain yield, ear height, ear length, and silking under two
different treatments of nitrogen fertilizer (1- addition of 50% of N-fertilizer with sowing
and the other 50% one month after sowing. 2- addition of 50% of N-fertilizer 18 days after
sowing and 50% one month after sowing).and 3 replicates.
Results indicated that:
Mean squares of inbred lines, and hybrids were highly significant for all studied
traits under two adding dates of nitrogen fertilizer, which indicated the presence of genetic
distance among parental lines.
The ratios (
2
GCA/
2
SCA) showed that additive gene effect was more important than
non-additive gene effect in controlling all studied traits except grain yield which showed
dominance of non-additive gene effect under tow dates.
Many of significant positive GCA effects were obtained for all traits, therefore, it
could be concluded, that the inbred lines CML.330, IL.26-09 and CML.334 seemed to be
the best general combiners for grain yield.
The hybrid (CML.368 × IL.215-09) had showed the best specific combining ability
effects for grain yield under the first date, while the hybrid (CML.330 × IL.26-09) showed
the best SCA effects under the second date.
The second adding date of nitrogen fertilizer (50% 18 days after sowing and 50%
one month after sowing) had surpassed of the first date (50% with sowing and 50% one
month after) with significant effects for grain yield trait.
This study was conducted at the farm of agriculture college (Abu Jarash),
Damascus university to determine the impact of time and depth of adding
phosphorus on it's availability in calcareous soil cultivated with corn during
2011 and 2012 seasons.
Super phosphorus fertilizer was added to the soil at
three different depths (0, 10 and 20 cm), while the control spot left without
fertilizer addition. Soil samples were taken for analysis of available phosphorus
(P) from 12 replicates at different depths 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40 cm with two
samples for every depth at zero time, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days during the
growing corn.
Results indicated that the available phosphorus increased directly in all
samples after cultivation, with a marked value recorded at all depths after 15
days of cultivation. This concentration began decreasing gradually with a
constant rate in time in all transactions and reached 50% after 90 days of
cultivation. It was also observed that available phosphorus was higher at the
two depths, 0-10 and 10-20 cm and after 15 days of post- corn cultivation and
followed by zero time and it was found that the best concentration was
observed at depth extended from 0 to 20 cm in the treatment of adding
fertilizer at depth of 10 cm and time of sampling was 15 days of cultivation.
Six population seeds of three yellow maize hybrids were formed at Agricultural Research Center, Homs, during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. Their plants were evaluated in 2010. The present work aims to determine the genetic parameters in six populati
ons (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2). Mean square results showed significant differences among mean values for all traits in all crosses. Significant heterosis values were positive and relative comparing to mid and better parent for most traits. The potence ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and crosses except ear height, indicating thus over-dominance. In breeding, depression values were significant in most traits for Cross-1, while their values were non- significant in all traits for Cross-2 except plant height, and also in Cross-3 except plant height and grain yield per plant. In most traits epestasis or dominance gene action occupied the first rank in the genetic effects in order of importance to cross, with the exception of number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and grain yield per plant where additive gene action occupied the first rank for Cross-2 and Cross-1 respectively. Therefore, it could be suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively more effective than in the early generations.
Objective of this work was to investigate how plant density and nitrogen
rate affects the growth , yield and its components in maize (Bassel 2 hybrid).
The experiment was carried out, at the agricultural research centre in Snoubar
Jableh, during t
he 2008 and 2009 seasons, included 12 treatments which were
the combination three plant population densities 71428/ha, 57142/ha, and
47619/ha and four N rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha). The experimental design
was a split-plot, with different densities as main plots, randomized in three
complete blocks, and the fertilization as subplots. The data were analyzed by
using “Mstat” statistical package. Increasing planting population density
delayed anthesis and silking date, increased the anthesis-silking interval, plant
height, ear height, grain yield, agronomic nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen use
efficiency, but decreased ear leaf area, chlorophyll content, 1000 seed weight,
number of grains/ear, shelling percentage (%), and grain protein content.
Nitrogen fertilizer decreased tassilling and silking date, and nitrogen use
efficiency, increasing plant and ear height, ear leaf area, chlorophyll content,
number of grains/ear, ear weight,1000-grains weight, Shelling percentage,
grain yield up to 120 kg N/ha, agronomic nitrogen efficiency and grain protein
content.
