This research aims to achieve the observability of any electrical network by the
possibility compensation the lost measurements due to a defect, allowing the possibility of
state estimation of the electrical network ,ie, obtaining a single solution
for a state
estimation. This is done by means of the network observability analysing using the
available set of measurements and adding virtual pseudo-measurements if the network is
not observable. this is done using a numerical algorithm that ensures obtaining the
minimum and optimal number of added critical pseudo-measurements so that the result of
state estimation was not adversely affected. The algorithm depends on solving the
equation of the linear state estimation and the analysing to the triangular factors of the gain
matrix and an easy way to arrange the axis of the jacobian matrix ,ie, the measurements
matrix to ensure getting the minimum set of candidate pseudo- measurements to be added
to real measurements, the numerical algorithm was acheived by environment in the
MATLAB and tested to present the results on the network observabilty analysing and
adding the pseudo-measurements algorithm on state estimation .The results of the program
were tested on IEEE-14 network, and they showed that if a number of measurements were
lost, they would be compensated by critical and pseudo-measurements. The results of state
estimation showed small error ratio between estimated values using the real measurements
and the estimated values after added the critical pseudo-measurements.
Due to the large and rapid increase in the demand for electricity and the gradual decline of
non-renewable sources of energy (fossil fuels, etc.), the performance of electrical systems
has to be developed so the use of distributed generation and it
s connection with the main
networks is one of these methods but this linkage causes some problems like changing in
electrical voltage.
In this research a radial electric distribution system was simulated and studied the effect of
distributed generation on electrical voltage stability -in static and dynamic state-and its
effect when the generator is synchronous or induction.
In this paper, we present a system design of the photovoltaic
pumping to provide electrical and economic comparison between
two different energy supply systems: the first depends on the PV
panels, and the second depending on the public grid. farm area
study in the eastern countryside of Homs with the aim to supply
water for irrigation and drinking.
The out-of-stability state of synchronous generator which
connected to high voltage network due to the transient
situations which lead us to disconnect the generator causes
finincial and technical problems. Therfore the purpose of this
research i
s to study the stability of synchronous generator
working which connected to high voltage network through the
transient situation.This research present the posibilty of
returning the synchronous generator to synchronous-steadystate
at the late time of the transient state when the load
angle is in the out-of-stability zone through controling the
rotor-excitation and increasing the generator’s electric motive
force.This lead to increase the generator’s maximum power
and to increase the generator’s stability-torque which lead to
return the synchronous generator to synchronous-steadystate
without need of discconecting it from network.Then put
the mathmatical model.
After that automation electrical power transfer stations towards to
use intelligent electronic devices that are performing multiple
functions : process protection, monitoring, control and use
private companies manufacturers of equipment communicat
ion
protocols, so that need to build electrical smart grid that coordinate his parameters and support his devices.
Search begins definition electrical smart grid and its importance,
and includes the benefit of this electrical smart grid, the requirements and the careers then the specifications of electrical
smart grid, at the end of the search: we compare between the
electrical power transfer stations in electrical traditional grid and
electrical smart grid.
This research aims at studying types of PV Systems and their applications in many practical
fields. It also aims at looking into all the components and technical specifications of the
equipment. That's what serves these systems' design and implemen
tation ways through
designing and performing a 12 [KW] Stand- alone PV System. This system is usually used to
supply one of the Green Buildings lighting at night with a back- up grid to achieve a high
reliability in supplying the load. This project also aims at strengthening national qualifications
in the fields of research, development and operation.
تعرض هذا البحث إلى طريقة جديدة لتحديد الاستطاعة الردية المسموحة للمولدات التزامنيـة
المربوطة إلى عقد التوليد في الشبكة الكهربائية، و ذلك اعتماداً على الاستطاعة الفعلية و التوتر
و التيار المسموح به لكل من الثابت و الدائر بالإضافة إلى المعطيات الأخرى
للمولـد، و يقـدم
تحليلاً لمعادلات الثابت و الدائر و للعوامل التي تؤدي دوراً في تحديد قيمتيهما كالقوة المحركـة
الكهربائية الداخلية و مميزات اللاحمل للآلة التزامنية و مدى تأثيرها في مركبات التيار التي يتم
على أساسها تعيين الحدود المسموحة لتغيّر الاستطاعة الردية [ Qmin , Qmax[ للمولـدات فـي
عملية تنظيم التوتر لعقد الشبكة الكهربائية. كما تم في سياق البحث وضع الألغوريتم الـلازم
لحساب الاستطاعة الردية المسموحة لكل من المولـد ذي الـدائر الأسـطواني و المولـد ذي
الأقطاب البارزة عند قيم مختلفة للتوتر و الاستطاعة الفعلية المستجرة.
