تشكل المعالم الأثرية السورية جزء اساسيا من التراث الإنساني, ومن هنا تبرز أهمية الحفاظ على هذه المعالم وعلى الرسالة التاريخية التي تنقلها للأجيال القادمة . ويعتبر انهيار الأبنية لأسباب جيوتكنيكية من أهم أسباب انهيارات الأبنية وخاصة في حالة حدوث الهزات
الأرضية.
يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة السلوك الزلزالي المتبادل بين التربة وبناء واقع في قلب مدينة دمشق القديمة وهو البرج الواقع في الواجهة الشمالية لقلعة دمشق الذي يحاذيه نهر بانياس. وقد تم الأخذ بعين الاعتبار الوضع الجيولوجي والزلزالي لموقع دمشق والمواد المستخدمة في الإنشاء ومواصفاتها الفيزيائية الحالية.
وخلص البخث إلى تحديد تأثير السلوك الزلزالي للتربة على الإجهادات والانتقالات المتكونة في البناء وانعكاس وجود النهر القريب على هذا السلوك بالإضافة الى احتمالية ظهور التشققات في البناء.
It is very important to the design and development of
natural isolating materials Which are used in the cover-up of solid waste landfill, clay soils or mixtures of these soils and some
additions used as an impermeable liner for construction of soli
d
waste landfill, The permeability coefficient of the materials used in the impermeable system is the most important factors to prevent water leakage into the body of landfill site and to prevent the Leachate of leak into groundwater and soil surrounding the landfillsites.
In this research has been the development and design
Oedometer cell to study volumetric distortions occurring in these
soils as a result of exposure of these soils to climatic conditions
during the implementation of impermeable layer or after
implementation due to rising temperatures in landfill because of
biological interactions taking place at these landfill.
It has been modified and the development of Oedometer
cell to become a thermal cell So that it can control the degree of
heat applied to the sample in the ring of device and then measure the volumetric changes in the sample, Oedometer cell has been linked to the permeability test system with variable head to measure the permeability of the testing sample, It was connected with the digital control , measuring and showing system for temperature and load and displacement.
The surrounding conditions of tunnel lining may change
during the investment period which leads to a redistribution of
forces acting on the tunnel lining and perhaps gives new forces are not taken into account during the design. The behavior of the
tunnel should be analyzed for the new conditions and assess its performance through the stages of investment.
In this paper, a case study of Alsafkon tunnel which is one of
the Syrian Railway deep tunnels is regarded. The lining of this
tunnel suffers from cracks, leakage, and other defects.
To analyze the behavior of the tunnel lining, it has been
modeled using the finite element method software Phase for five cases that represent the investment conditions experienced by the tunnel from its construction to date. It was found that the lining cracks appear from the third phase which represents the case of immersion of the tunnel by the underground water. The formation of a weak lens adjacent to the tunnel detected by geo radar plays also an important role in the cracking of the lining of the tunnel.
The results of numerical analysis were in correspondence with the current situation of the tunnel in terms of distributed cracks places in the concrete lining. The study showed also the improvement importance of the lens properties to avoid the total fall down of the tunnel.
Cracks of irrigation channel’s service roads are becoming a significant feature in Al-Ghab region. All information indicates that lateral spreading of stresses in slope vicinity induced cracks in the side parts of roads. These cracks resulted from la
teral displacements, which could dominate total displacements. This
paper presents a geotechnical evaluation of the possibility to mitigate this phenomena by using geogrid soil reinforcement. Finite elements numerical model analysis is performed to calculate total, horizontal and vertical displacements at road side near channel’s slope. Numerical models include different cases of
un-reinforced soil and geogrid reinforced soils at different locations. Locations of geogrid were chosen carefully to attain the best effectiveness. Beneficial factor and coefficient of efficiency were determined for reinforced road.
The purpose of this paper is to identify the specifications of volcanic tuff (scoria) widespread in the south of Syria, many laboratory tests have been done for determining the basic physical properties of scoria the addition of compaction, shear res
istance, particle size distribution, and California bearing ratio. Also, an analytic study has been done to state the possibility of using scoria in filling by itself or after being mixed with clay (forming the greatest part of soils in south Syria), examining the change occurring in clay. So we have determined clay specifications, adding scoria to clay using different percentages:
(5% - 10% - 15% - 20% - 25% -30%)
Then we study the specifications of each mixture, such as compaction properties, shear resistance, particle-size distribution, and California bearing ratio.
This search include making laboratory tests on sandy soil samples
,wich were taken from Damascus Suburb (Alkastal-Maarona-
Alsallema) and from Hama(Alsalameya), physical and clasificated
tests were made besides oedometer tests, two limited cases w
ere
studied :maximum loose and maximum dense for each soil.
Values of deformation modulus (Eoed) were determined from
oedometric compression curves at various compression levels, and
particle shape parameters (sphericity-roundness-elongation) were
founded for each soil then the experimental equations between
last parameters and deformation modulus were concluded.
Radon is a radioactive gas, occurring naturally as a decay product of uranium .Radon is the second cause of lung cancer according to EPA and WHO estimates. The presence of cracks plays a major role in transmission of radon from depth to the surface o
f the earth and steams it into the air.The leakage of radon from the foundation soils is usually the primary source of indoor radon pollution. Due to the growth of urban population in active tectonic regions and because tectonic activity is accompanied by an increase in radon concentration; the emission of radon in these regions and its leakage into houses will be higher thus,it becomes necessary to conduct researches in those regions and take appropriate preventive and corrective actions to reduce the presence of radon in the houses and in foundation soils.
The importance of this research comes from benefiting from measurements of the change of radon concentration and its implications from both Geotechnical and Geo-environmental aspects.
In 2002, Zeyzoun Dam failure, that is an embankment dam located at the northwest of Syria, made a big Awareness of the effects of the lack of Geotechnical investigations and concern given to seismic design, geological conditions and location of the d
am. Zeyzoun dam location, in the vicinity of the Dead Sea fault system, emphasizes the importance of analyzing the effects of lithological stratum in dam foundations on dam seismic stability. This paper is concerned with the influence of a high permeable soil layer that has different static and dynamic properties, and exists at different depths in dam foundation. Geo-studio software, a Geotechnical program that applies the finite element method and can consider analysis like seepage, dynamic analysis and slope stability, used to build and analyse numerical models. The results of dynamic analysis showed rising of phreatic line level in dam body, amplification in dam dynamic response, increasing in pore-water and excess pore water pressure and decreasing in stability factors of safety, along with decreasing of the thin layer depth.
In this paper the design and development of a device (sensors system) to
study the effect of operational flaws of dowel Albetona engraved:
In order to find the appropriate resistance R factors for the to concrete
bored pile executive defects, whic
h include 15% or less than the cross section of
the to concrete bored pile by conducting tests on miniature models of the pegs
under the influence of horizontal and vertical loads.
