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Register a new userThe leakage of radon to residential buildings in active tectonic regions
تسرب الرادون إلى الأبنية السكنية في المناطق النشطة تكتونياً
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الرادون غاز طبيعي مشع ينتج من التفكك الإشعاعي لعنصر الراديوم الناتج عن تفكك اليورانيوم ضمن القشرة الأرضية. يتحلل الرادون تلقائياً منتجاً عناصر مشعة تلتصق بجدار الرئة عند التنفس. يعد الرادون بحسب الدراسات الأمريكية و الأوروبية لتقييم خطره على الصحة العامة المسبب الثاني للإصابة بسرطان الرئة. وجود الصدوع والتشققات الصخرية يلعب دوراً كبيراً في تسهيل حركته و انتقاله من الأعماق و انطلاقه إلى الهواء. يعد تسرب الرادون من ترب التأسيس المصدر الأساسي للتلوث بالرادون داخل المنازل. نظراً للتزايد العمراني و السكاني في مناطق الصدوع النشطة تكتونياً ، و ما يرافق النشاط التكتوني من زيادة بانبعاث الرادون و تسربه إلى المنازل، و حيث إن تعرض الإنسان للغازات المشعة أمر غير مرغوب به لما له من تأثيرات ضارة في الصحة ، لذلك من الضروري إجراء أبحاث حول هذا الموضوع في تلك المناطق من سورية، و اتخاذ إجراءات وقائية و علاجية لخفض نسبته في المنازل و في ترب التأسيس للأبنية. تأتي أهمية البحث من الاستفادة من قياسات تغير تركيز الرادون و انعكاساته من الناحيتين الجيوتكنيكية و الجيوبيئية.
Radon is a radioactive gas, occurring naturally as a decay product of uranium .Radon is the second cause of lung cancer according to EPA and WHO estimates. The presence of cracks plays a major role in transmission of radon from depth to the surface of the earth and steams it into the air.The leakage of radon from the foundation soils is usually the primary source of indoor radon pollution. Due to the growth of urban population in active tectonic regions and because tectonic activity is accompanied by an increase in radon concentration; the emission of radon in these regions and its leakage into houses will be higher thus,it becomes necessary to conduct researches in those regions and take appropriate preventive and corrective actions to reduce the presence of radon in the houses and in foundation soils. The importance of this research comes from benefiting from measurements of the change of radon concentration and its implications from both Geotechnical and Geo-environmental aspects.
References used
SBEINATI,R.;DARAWCHEH, R.;MOUTY,M. the historical earthquakes of Syria: an analysis of large and moderate earthquakes 1365 B.C. to 1900A.D.,Ann Geofis.,Vol.48,N.3, (2005), 347-435
Nelmes,J.R., Some measurements of radon in soils and in stream water in County Durham.Geotechnical and Geolgical Engineering (2005) 23:831-841
NEZNAL,M. Permeability as an important parameter for radon risk classification of foundation soils. Annals of Geophsics . VOL. 48, N. 1, February 2005
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During the past few decades , the urban boundaries of many Arab cities expanded, and their residential areas expanded due to increasing in the population density and the expansion of economic activity, in addition to prevailing building system, and d
ecreasing in the supply of the suitable lands for constructions and its high price, all this led to the spread of multy-storey residential buildings in attached and closely patterns, even it becomes the prevailing and approved system of construction system, without regarding the requirements of social human needs, in the design of external spaces, which in turn results in loosing the social relations among the inhabitants.
Paper’s hypothesis: The pattern and style of surrounding spaces design in residential buildings of contemporary architecture without taking into account of the social factor, is one of the most important reasons for the shortcomings of the social vitality of these areas.
This paper is based on studying these spaces in social function by extrapolating the performance of few models and analyzing them in order to reach an interactive and dynamic relationship between a human and his residential environment ,and community, within the borders of an apartment building and surrounding external spaces. During the past few decades , the urban boundaries of many Arab cities expanded, and their residential areas expanded due to increasing in the population density and the expansion of economic activity, in addition to prevailing building system, and decreasing in the supply of the suitable lands for constructions and its high price, all this led to the spread of multy-storey residential buildings in attached and closely patterns, even it becomes the prevailing and approved system of construction system, without regarding the requirements of social human needs, in the design of external spaces, which in turn results in loosing the social relations among the inhabitants.
Paper’s hypothesis: The pattern and style of surrounding spaces design in residential buildings of contemporary architecture without taking into account of the social factor, is one of the most important reasons for the shortcomings of the social vitality of these areas.
This paper is based on studying these spaces in social function by extrapolating the performance of few models and analyzing them in order to reach an interactive and dynamic relationship between a human and his residential environment ,and community, within the borders of an apartment building and surrounding external spaces.
Research summary:
The monuments have gained its importance via being a sensible
witness to assist in studying the evolution of civilization, and a
fertile material for advancing the scientific research and enriching
the historical information, it
is also raw material for the industry of
tourism, as the country's wealth of tourism resources depends on its
fortune of the heritage attributes, the past and the monuments, as
well as how smartly and adequately the care is taken for this
heritage. Therefore, the international organizations have paid a huge
attention for the culture heritage and have worked diligently to
protect and preserve it as this heritage is considered the belonging of
all humanity. The restoration and reviving the function of the
historic buildings are one of the most important methodologies of
archaeological preservation and modernization of the culture
property. Moreover, it supports the development of the region in
terms of service and social aspects, tourism and economic
developments. This research sheds the light on some of the local
experiences in the restoration of archaeological residential buildings
and determines the pros of these experiments on the archaeological
apartment building and the cons of the random studying and
executive implementation in some of the buildings.
The architectural design process is a repetitive process that the architect repeatedly
undertakes to obtain a satisfactory architectural vocabulary or architectural product.
This taming process starts according to three frameworks of this design? W
here is
this design? How will it be implemented over time? And the possibility of developing and
improving it to meet the latest developments.
In this research, we try to follow the process of repetition with a smart mechanism
that can (by ensuring the status of the positive development of the design through the
degrees of efficiency of human needs, and gradually seek to increase these grades in the
process of taming subject to intelligent gradation guaranteeing high degrees of efficiency),
which can be followed for the students of architecture in addition to professional architects
In order to improve and develop to meet the needs in abundance
Keywords: Architectural Taming, Architectural Structure.
Architectural design process is relatively complex considered due to the different
content with users difference, therefore, each design has its own advantages that are
difficult to standardize the process, as some have seen as architectural design
that is a
process of producing a one-time, making it difficult architectural design quality
measurement result of not atypical The criteria used. Architectural design will be
addressed as a result of a series of decisions on the key aspects that make up the elements
of quality in design and that it must work to improve the quality of any design process.
The research presents a theoretical study on the global architectural design used for
quality assessment tools (eg DQI, DEEP, AEDET, HQI, LEED, BREEAM, BQA) to see
the certified quality standards in each tool as a step towards the formation of a general
framework for the concept of the architectural design of residential buildings quality of
during a field study of the standards derived to determine the architectural design standards
for residential buildings in Latakia
The research found a set of standards governing the quality of the architectural
design of residential buildings in Lattakia.
Latent heat storage is an economical way to achieve energy
efficiency and improve thermal comfort in buildings.
In this research, the effects of using PCM Wallboards in a
residential apartment envelop located in Homs was studied by PCM
Express so
ftware.
PCM wallboard with 23°C melting temperature was used and
installed on the inner face of the walls and ceiling of the apartment.
This investigation shows that the importance of using PCMs in
buildings envelope, compared with conventional thermal insulation
materials, due to the effectiveness of PCMs materials and storing
and releasing of thermal energy, which contributed to reducing of
thermal loads and improved the internal thermal comfort.
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