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Side Effect Loads on Shear Diaphragm in Stone Buildings

تأثير الأحمال الجانبية على الجدران الحاملة في الأبنية الحجرية

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 Publication date 2018
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The behavior of the basaltic shear diaphragms of the remaining buildings of ancient times was investigated as experimental research,and its resistance to natural factors and horizontal loads resulting from wind and earthquakes,to take advantage of them in the maintenance of modern buildings,which are associated with floors and beams as horizontal shear diaphragmsIn the hot and cold areas of the African continent, Asia and other similar areas,to replace the reinforced concrete shear diaphragms,and metal shear diaphragms that lose their resistance to the above factors. When the buildings are inspected, the vertical and slanted slits resulting from the side loads are placed,it was found that the appearance of the cracks related to the hardness of the shear diaphragm section, the basalt stone specifications and the design of the shear diaphragm base.The research was conducted to determine the durability, water permeability and resistance to pressure and tensile strength of basalt stone samples used in historic stone buildings and their location in laboratory methods.Horizontal loads resulting from seismic intensity were determined on the front of the building at the tile level according to international requirements and specifications.The method of calculating the basaltic shear diaphragms was applied by applying arithmetic to build a basalt stone from several floors and a basement, taking into account the characteristic resistance of basalt, depending on its density from pressure and stretching and basalt stone in calculating.


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Research summary
تتناول هذه الورقة البحثية سلوك جدران القص البازلتية في المباني الحجرية القديمة وكيفية مقاومتها للعوامل الطبيعية والحمولات الأفقية الناتجة عن الرياح والزلازل. يهدف البحث إلى الاستفادة من هذه الجدران في الحفاظ على المباني الحديثة، خاصة في المناطق الحارة والباردة في القارة الأفريقية والآسيوية. تم تحليل الشقوق الرأسية والمائلة الناتجة عن الحمولات الجانبية، وتبين أن ظهور الشقوق يرتبط بصلابة مقطع الجدار ومواصفات الحجر البازلتي وتصميم قاعدة الجدار. كما تم تحديد متانة الحجر البازلتي ومقاومته للضغط والشد ونفوذيته للماء من خلال تجارب مخبرية. اقترح الباحث طريقة لحساب جدران القص البازلتية لبناء من عدة أدوار وقبو، مع الأخذ بعين الاعتبار مقاومة البازلت حسب كثافته. تم تحليل الأبنية التاريخية مثل الأهرامات المصرية والمباني النبطية والبيزنطية والإسلامية، وتبين أن هذه المباني صمدت لمئات السنين بفضل استخدام الحجر البازلتي. خلص البحث إلى أن الحجر البازلتي مقاوم للعوامل الميكانيكية والكيميائية، وعازل حراري، ومقاوم للصقيع، مما يجعله مادة بناء دائمة. كما اقترح الباحث تسليح الفواصل بين الصفوف الحجرية لزيادة مقاومة الجدران للحمولات الرأسية والأفقية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تُعد الورقة البحثية شاملة ومفصلة في تحليلها لسلوك جدران القص البازلتية في المباني الحجرية القديمة، وتقديمها لمعلومات قيمة حول مقاومة الحجر البازلتي للعوامل الطبيعية والحمولات الأفقية. ومع ذلك، يمكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر قوة إذا تضمنت مقارنة مباشرة بين أداء الجدران البازلتية والجدران الخرسانية المسلحة في ظروف مماثلة. كما أن الدراسة قد تستفيد من تضمين المزيد من البيانات الميدانية الحديثة لدعم النتائج المخبرية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن تحسين الورقة من خلال تقديم توصيات عملية أكثر وضوحًا لتطبيق نتائج البحث في تصميم المباني الحديثة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الأهداف الرئيسية للبحث؟

    الأهداف الرئيسية للبحث هي الاستفادة من الموارد المحلية الطبيعية لتقليل الكلف الاقتصادية، ومحاكاة جدران القص البازلتية عند تعرض البناء لحمولات أفقية، وتقديم طريقة لحساب جدران القص البازلتية لبناء من عدة أدوار وقبو مع الأخذ بعين الاعتبار مقاومة البازلت.

  2. ما هي الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية للحجر البازلتي التي تم تحليلها في الدراسة؟

    تم تحليل متانة الحجر البازلتي، مقاومته للضغط والشد، نفوذيته للماء، مقاومته للحرارة والصقيع، ومقاومته للعوامل الكيميائية مثل الأحماض والقلويات.

  3. كيف تؤثر الحمولات الجانبية على جدران القص البازلتية؟

    تؤدي الحمولات الجانبية الناتجة عن الرياح والزلازل إلى ظهور شقوق رأسية ومائلة في جدران القص البازلتية، ويعتمد ظهور هذه الشقوق على صلابة مقطع الجدار ومواصفات الحجر البازلتي وتصميم قاعدة الجدار.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمها الباحث لتحسين مقاومة جدران القص البازلتية؟

    اقترح الباحث تسليح الفواصل بين الصفوف الحجرية بقضبان قطر 206mm لزيادة مقاومة الجدران للحمولات الرأسية والأفقية، وتصميم الجدران بمقاطع عرضية تتوافق مع الارتفاع لمقاومة التحنيب.


References used
SNIP, II-7-81 *Construction in seismic regions. Gosstroyof Russia. - Moscow: State Unitary Enterprise - 2000, – 44peg, maps OCP-97
POLYAKOV, V. S. Reinforced concrete and stone structures of seismic resistant buildings and structures. - Tomsk: Publishing house of TASU, 2006. - 290 p
BRONSHTEIN,I.N. SEMENDYAYEV,K.A.:Handbook of Mathematics for engineers and Student. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Aug 24. 2007 - Mathematics
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