The under keel clearance (UKC) is considered as one of the most important factor
which governs the navigation safety in restricted waterways. However, the notion of safe
under keel clearance is directly related to ship sinkage. The recent researche
s to evaluate
ship sinkage show that it is related to vessel potential energy. The curve of vessel
displacement in heave motion as function of potential energy shows that a ship has three
equilibrium positions; stable equilibrium position represents steady squat and unstable
equilibrium position which can be considered as a virtual bottom for a ship, the third stable
equilibrium position does not have any physical signification, since it lies below the
bottom.
The principal goal of this paper is to develop a mathematical model for vessel motion
during acceleration phase by considering several assumptions. Then, analyze the
conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy at the unstable equilibrium position during
acceleration phase. By taking into account the period during which the vessel accelerates
as well as the vessel speed at the end of the acceleration phase. The results show that ship
stability could be affected by the oscillations generated at the end of this phase.
Hydraulic drives are able to generate high forces and move large loads. With the help of proportional
valves, it is possible to control movements fast and accurately.
Depending on the application, a linear cylinder, a rotary cylinder or a rotary mo
tor are used. Linear
cylinders are most frequently used. The following designs are therefore confined to this type of drive. We
compare among various types of cylinders which are common by used. We compared different conditions
for cylinders with friction and without it.
