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Register a new userThe Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts, Pesticides and Natural Enemies in Controlling of Tetranychus urticae Koch Populations on the Greenhouse Tomato
كفاءة بعض المستخلصات النباتيّة و المبيدات الكيميائيّة و الأعداء الحيويّة في السيطرة على مجتمعات الأكاروس الأحمر ذي البقعتين Tetranychus urticae Koch على البندورة في الزراعة المحميّة
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المجلة السورية للبحوث الزراعية ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2018
fields
Plant Protecion
and research's language is
العربية
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أُجريت دراسة لتقييم فاعليّة المستخلصات المائيّة لثلاثة أنواع نباتية هي: الأزدرخت.Melia azedarach L، السمالكس .Smilax aspera L و الأصطرك .Styrax officinalis L و ثلاثة مبيدات آكلوبرايد acetamiprid، بيماكتين abamectin و سانمايت pyridaben و إطلاق المفترسين Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot وStethorus gilvifrons Mulsant في ضبط مجتمعات الأكاروس الأحمر ذي البقعتين Tetranychus urticae Kochعلى نبات البندورة Lycopersicon esculantm ضمن الزراعة المحميّة.
This study was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of the aqueous extracts of three plants (Melia azedarach L., Smilax asepra L. and Styrax officinalis L.), three pesticides (acetamiprid, abamectin and pyridaben) and releasing of two predators (Phytoseiuls persimilis Athias–Henriot and Stethorus gilvifrons Mulsant) in controlling of Tetranychus urticae Koch populations in tomato greenhouse.
References used
Attia, S.; K L. Grissa; G. Lognay; E. Bitume; T. Hance; and A. Mailleux (2013). A review of the major biological approaches to control of the worldwide pest Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) with special reference to natural pesticides. Journal of Pest Science. 86(3):361-386
Barbar, Z. (2017). Evaluation of three pesticides against phytophagous mites and their impact on phytoseiid predators in an eggplant open-field. Acarologia. 57(3): 529–539
Bolland, H.R.; J. Gutierrez and C.H.W. Flechtmann (1998). World catalogue of the spider mite family (Acari: Tetranychidae). Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, the Netherlands. Pp. 392
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Biological characteristics and life table parameters of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch) were studied when fed on leaves of two apple cultivars (i.e. Golden and Starking dilishz) under laboratory conditions 25±1 Cº, relative hum
idity 65±5% and 16L:8D. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) by females of T.urticae was higher on leaves of Starking dilishz apple cultivar than on leaves of Golden dilishz apple cultivar (0.30, 0.27 female/female/day) respectively, while the generation time (T) and the time required for doubling the number of community mite (DT) were lower on leaves of Starking dilishz apple cultivars than on leaves of Golden dilishz apple cultivars (13.77, 2.3 days and 14.54, 2.55 days) respectively. The duration of the stages of growth from egg to adult female on leaves of Golden dilishz apple cultivar was longer than on Starking dilishz apple cultivars, where was (13.32 ± 1.15 and 12.22 ± 1.13), respectively, The Total fecundity on Golden dilishz apple cultivar was lower than on Starking dilishz cultivar (83.11 ± 8.91, 101.62 ± 15.48 eggs/female) respectively, The adult longevity on Golden dilishz leaves was lower than on Starking dilishz cultivar (15.33 ± 1.35, 17.14 ± 1.07 days) respectively, These differences on the apple varieties may be due to the chemical content and quality of the food and nature of the host tissue plant and the specifications can affect the rate of oviposition and development. and thus the Starking dilishz apple cultivars was more suitable for the development and reproduction of T. urticae compared with the Golden dilishz apple cultivar.
The accuracy of the taxon T. cinnabarinus (Boisduval 1867) as a distinct species, or
as a synonym of Tetranychus urticae Koch 1836, is still standing as a controversial issue of
taxonomy and as a point of discussion. T. cinnabarinus and T. urticae
have been regarded
in the first stage of this study as one species, and it was characterized depending on the
distinctive characteristics of both genders. In the second stage, the two species were
distinguished according to many morphological characters that have been recommended by
authors cited T.cinnabarinus as a valid species. The efficiency of some measures adopted
to distinguish both T. cinnabarinus and T. urticae were also tested. Measurements didn't
match local samples that showed obvious differences, T. cinnabarinus & T. urticae are not
likely to be considered as two different species according to recent researches. Both T.
cinnabarinus and T. urticae were detected on various wild and cultivated host plants. One
hundred samples of plants presented symptoms of tetranychid attacks were collected from
different localities in Lattakia province. Both T. urticae and T. cinnabarinus were found on
29, 9 samples, respectively.
In this experiment, liquid of soap at three dosages (3, 5 and 7 ml/L) and
Abamectin (12.5 ml/100L) has been used with releas of the mite predator,
Phytoseiulus persimilis for controlling the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus
urticae on bean pla
nts under laboratory conditions. Contact toxicity of soap
liquid and Abamectin were evaluated and classified according to IOBC.
Efficacy of soap liquid at 3 and 5 ml/L was not sufficient to repress spider mite
populations while the using of soap liquid at three concentration with
predatory mite showed supporter effect and provide satisfactory control
whereas soap liquid determined to be slightly harmful- moderately to P.
persimilis. Abamectin with predatory mite or if used only gave sufficient control
to spider mite population but without supporter effect between Abamectin and
predatory mite whereas Abamectin determined to be harmful to P. persimilis.
However, using soap at suitable dosage, with or without predatory mite, gave
encouraging results for controlling spider mites. Generally, using of soap
showed adaptation with predatory mite and proved supporter effect for
controlling the spider mites. In despite of, soap showed no phytotoxicity to host
plants but needs to be tested in greenhouse and field conditions before
application.
This research has been applied to compare the efficacy of the use
of pre-planting with a sensitive variety of tomato OXN93 as a trap
crop with the use of the extracts of M. azedarach , E.
camaldulensis and C. maculatum where Diazinon a treated con
trol,
in reducing the infection and the reproduction rate of the root-knot
nematodes M. javanica on tomato (var. Bestona) in pots.
The efficacy of insecticide and plant extracts were tested against beet flea
beetle, Chaetocnema tibialis (Illiger) during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Six
pesticides were evaluated against beet flea beetle, results showed that Cyperino
gave the highest
effective percentage (90.88) followed by Cypermethrin
(90.69%), in comparison with Nimadol (49.35%) after two weeks of treatment.
Four plant extracts were evaluated against beet flea beetle in comparison with
Sopreen. Results showed that Melia azedarach L. extract gave the highest
effective percentage (60.81) followed Styrax officinalis L. leaves and branches
and Capsicum annuum L. extracts by 31.35, 28.44 and 16.57, respectively, in
comparison with Sopreen (58.55%) after 7 days of treatment. Percentage of
efficacy decreased gradually by increasing the period of exposure after
treatment for plant extracts from 63.19% after 3 days to 51.80% after 10 days
of Melia azedarach L. extract. Whereas the efficacy percentage of Sopreen
increased from 41.67% after 3 days to 74.57% after 10 days of treatment.
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